Figures (5)  Tables (3)
    • Figure 1. 

      The chemical formula of AQ.

    • Figure 2. 

      (a) Full scan spectrum of the sample before and after the purification. (b) The purification effect of the improved method.

    • Figure 3. 

      The AQ level during green tea processing with electricity and coal as heat sources.

    • Figure 4. 

      The levels of AQ in the environment with electricity and coal as heat source. * Indicates significant differences in AQ levels in the samples (p < 0.05).

    • Figure 5. 

      The AQ level during oolong tea processing with natural gas-electric blend and coal as heat source.

    • MartrixFortified level
      (mg/kg)
      Recovery
      (%, SD)
      RSD
      n = 5
      LOQ
      (mg/kg)
      r2 (range g/L)ME (%)
      Tea shoots0.005125.7 ± 8.66.90.0050.999 (5−200)10.9
      0.0196.5 ± 5.75.9
      0.0287.4 ± 6.47.3
      Dry tea0.00577.8 ± 9.712.50.0050.998 (5−200)9.0
      0.02113.0 ± 3.23.6
      0.005107.6 ± 1.41.5
      Air sample0.5a117.06 ± 9.410.80.5a0.999 (0.5−8)196.1
      1.578.47 ± 4.05.1
      3.0105.07 ± 14.814.1
      a: µg/m3

      Table 1. 

      Validated parameters of AQ in spiked samples.

    • Total samples
      analyzed
      Number of detective
      samples
      Rates of
      detection (%)
      Number of samples
      exceeded MRL
      Rates of
      exceedance (%)
      Min
      (mg/kg)
      Max
      (mg/kg)
      Electricity201050.015.0ND0.020
      Coal201785.0735.0ND0.064

      Table 2. 

      The occurrence for AQ in tea products with different heat sources.

    • EquipmentCompoundTR (min)Parent ion (m/z)Daughter ion (m/z)Collision energy
      Vairan 450GC-300MS9,10-anthraquinone13.0220815222
      18010
      D8-anthraquinone12.9921616020
      18810
      Agilent 8890GC-7000DMS9,10-anthraquinone12.1520815230
      18010
      D8-anthraquinone12.1921616030
      18810

      Table 3. 

      MRM conditions of 9,10-anthraquinone and D8-anthraquinone.