Figures (4)  Tables (3)

    • Figure 1. 

      Agricultural area with tree cover above and below the median tree cover value, within each grid cell's respective bioclimatic strata, i.e., carbon and aridity zone combination (n = 495 strata).

    • Figure 2. 

      Increase in above- and below-ground biomass carbon, across the range of adoption scenarios and percentile levels explored in the geospatial modeling of potential carbon sequestration from increased tree cover on agricultural land. Percentiles are calculated based upon the existing tree cover 2010, within each respective carbon/aridity zone combination (n = 495 strata).

    • Figure 3. 

      Increase in above- and below-ground biomass carbon with a 10% increase in tree cover on all agricultural land (a) regionally, (b) by country.

    • Figure 4. 

      Tree cover on agricultural land 2010 compared to potential tree cover with systemic change to agroforestry-type agricultural systems estimated at the 70th percentile for adoption.

    • Region Biomass Carbon (PgC) Agricultural area
      (km2)
      IPCC Tier 1 Harmonized Carbon Density Map Difference
      Total biomass Above-ground Below-ground Total biomass Total biomass Percentage
      Asia Pacific 2.28 1.32 0.50 1.82 0.47 25.6 790,658
      Central America 1.52 0.79 0.22 1.02 0.50 49.0 269,235
      Central Asia 0.47 0.20 0.25 0.45 0.02 5.4 830,949
      East Asia 2.53 1.52 0.61 2.13 0.40 18.6 1,795,893
      Eastern and Southern Africa 2.30 2.48 2.09 4.57 −2.27 −49.7 1,573,527
      Europe 2.15 3.18 1.19 4.36 −2.21 −50.7 2,299,766
      North Africa 0.11 0.13 0.08 0.22 −0.10 −46.8 155,948
      North America 3.40 2.83 1.16 3.99 −0.59 −14.9 2,073,033
      Russia 1.07 1.37 0.73 2.10 −1.04 −49.3 1,669,166
      South America 12.13 7.87 3.50 11.37 0.76 6.7 3,888,792
      South Asia 2.48 1.08 0.35 1.43 1.05 73.2 1,827,025
      SouthEast Asia 10.69 6.68 1.76 8.44 2.24 26.5 1,648,268
      West and Central Africa 5.45 3.99 1.91 5.91 −0.45 −7.7 2,390,980
      Western Asia 0.79 0.43 0.20 0.63 0.15 24.4 955,689
      Global 47.37 33.88 14.57 48.45 −1.08 −2.22 22,168,929

      Table 1. 

      Comparison of IPCC Tier 1 based estimates of above- and below-ground biomass on agricultural land in 2010 by Zomer et al.[29] with the Harmonized Carbon Density Map of Spawn & Gibbs[32,33].

    • Increased biomass Carbon (PgC) by percent increase on all agricultural land
      Region 1% 5% 10% Country 1% 5% 10%
      PgC PgC
      Asia Pacific 0.09 0.46 0.91 Brazil 0.339 1.696 3.391
      Central America 0.04 0.19 0.39 Indonesia 0.136 0.662 1.319
      Central Asia 0.01 0.07 0.14 India 0.133 0.662 1.323
      East Asia 0.09 0.43 0.86 China 0.081 0.407 0.814
      Eastern and Southern Africa 0.13 0.63 1.25 United States 0.072 0.359 0.719
      Europe 0.08 0.39 0.79 Argentina 0.060 0.299 0.597
      North Africa 0.01 0.06 0.12 Australia 0.056 0.282 0.563
      North America 0.12 0.60 1.20 Nigeria 0.050 0.248 0.495
      Russia 0.02 0.09 0.18 Philippines 0.043 0.197 0.388
      South America 0.51 2.55 5.10 Colombia 0.040 0.197 0.394
      South Asia 0.15 0.77 1.53 Mexico 0.034 0.169 0.337
      SouthEast Asia 0.27 1.34 2.67 Thailand 0.029 0.143 0.286
      West and Central Africa 0.26 1.28 2.55 Ethiopia 0.029 0.145 0.289
      Western Asia 0.06 0.29 0.58 Côte d'Ivoire 0.028 0.143 0.286
      Sudan 0.024 0.119 0.237
      Global 1.83 9.13 18.27

      Table 2. 

      Increase in above and below-ground biomass carbon with an increase of tree cover by 1%, 5%, and 10% on all agricultural land, regionally, and showing the top 15 countries with the highest potential increase.

    • Region Biomass Carbon Increase in biomass Carbon by scenario and percentile
      Incremental Systematic
      2000 2010 10% / Median Median (50th) 60th 70th 80th
      PgC PgC PgC
      Asia Pacific 1.42 1.52 0.14 0.16 0.26 0.36 0.52
      Central America 0.48 0.47 0.17 0.25 0.34 0.45 0.61
      Central Asia 2.37 2.53 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.09
      East Asia 2.31 2.30 0.23 0.23 0.36 0.56 0.86
      Eastern and Southern Africa 2.13 2.15 0.18 0.19 0.25 0.39 0.68
      Europe 0.11 0.11 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.34 0.57
      North Africa 3.31 3.40 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.05
      North America 2.11 2.28 0.33 0.36 0.55 0.81 1.22
      Russia 1.07 1.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.16
      South America 11.34 12.13 1.28 1.38 1.93 3.26 5.50
      South Asia 2.30 2.48 0.33 0.35 0.49 0.80 1.27
      SouthEast Asia 10.03 10.69 1.07 1.80 2.66 3.63 4.83
      West and Central Africa 5.57 5.45 0.58 0.64 0.98 1.54 2.53
      Western Asia 0.75 0.79 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.18 0.28
      Global 45.30 47.37 4.60 5.29 8.27 12.51 19.15

      Table 3. 

      Increase in above- and below-ground biomass carbon on agricultural land, across the range of adoption scenarios and percentile levels explored in the geospatial modeling of potential carbon sequestration from increased tree cover on agricultural land. Percentiles are calculated based upon the existing tree cover 2010 with each respective carbon/aridity zone combination n = 495 global strata.