Heritability estimates for seed yield and its components in <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> var. <i>dactylon</i> (L.) Pers.

Chengcheng Tan; Yanqi Wu; Charles M. Taliaferro; Greg E. Bell; Dennis L. Martin; Mike W. Smith; Chengcheng Tan; Yanqi Wu; Charles M. Taliaferro; Greg E. Bell; Dennis L. Martin; Mike W. Smith

doi:10.48130/GR-2022-0007

Variables	Year	Site^‡	Parent			Offspring
Variables	Year	Site^‡	Mean	SE^§	Range	Mean	SE	Range
Inflorescence prolificacy rating^†	2012	Pks	6.31	0.24	1.00−9.00	5.17	0.14	2.00−8.00
	2012	Stw	6.29	0.21	1.00−9.00	5.40	0.16	3.00−8.00
	2013	Pks	6.24	0.25	1.00−9.00	6.17	0.19	2.00−9.00
	2013	Stw	6.08	0.24	1.00−9.00	5.59	0.18	2.00−8.00
	Combined		6.23	0.12	1.00−9.00	5.59	0.09	2.00−9.00
Seed set (%)	2012	Pks	21.58	1.91	0.73−63.69	37.66	2.23	1.83−86.29
	2012	Stw	27.37	2.34	0.00−85.55	44.28	2.40	4.16−89.54
	2013	Pks	18.06	0.02	0.14−62.78	30.01	2.07	1.38−68.89
	2013	Stw	29.41	2.34	0.20−82.14	24.63	2.00	0.10−73.29
	Combined		24.11	1.07	0.00−85.55	34.15	1.17	0.10−89.54
Seed yield (kg ha⁻¹)	2012	Pks	152.23	16.29	1.26−742.44	198.26	9.50	31.75−373.86
	2012	Stw	114.39	11.23	0−419.67	165.75	9.10	4.31−403.18
	2013	Pks	10.54	1.54	0−70.75	23.47	3.65	0−136.30
	2013	Stw	8.05	0.95	0−39.37	7.80	0.84	0.33−33.61
	Combined		71.30	6.16	0-742.44	98.82	5.94	0-403.18
^†Rating scale was 1−9, where 1 indicated the least inflorescences while 9 was the greatest inflorescence prolificacy. ^‡ Sites were Stw = Stillwater, Pks = Perkins. ^§ Standard error of the group mean.

Table 1.

Means, standard errors and ranges of seed yield and its components in parents and progeny half-sib families.

Sources	Df	Inflorescence prolificacy^†	Seed set (%)	Seed yield (kg ha⁻¹)
2012 test of fixed effects (F values)
Location (L)	1	1.53	3.73	10.16^*
Expected mean squares
Family (F)	24	4.16^*	0.11^*	23,960.13^*
F × L	24	1.26	0.04^*	3,902.04
Rep/L	4	1.81	0.04	12,709.81^*
F × Rep/L	96	1.16^*	0.02^*	2,513.33^*
2013 test of fixed effects (F values)
Location (L)	1	4.59^*	3.36	13.25^*
Expected mean squares
Family (F)	24	5.67^*	0.09^*	910.22^*
F × L	24	2.81	0.03^*	694.42^*
Rep/L	4	2.57	0.01	1,787.60^*
F × Rep/L	96	1.74^*	0.02^*	336.71^*
Across 2-location and 2-year test of fixed effects (F values)
Location (L)	1	0.81	0.06	7.99^*
Year (Y)	1	9.20^*	45.33^*	199.86^*
L × Y	1	6.45^*	9.55^*	3.32
Expected mean squares
Family (F)	24	6.97^*	0.170^*	14,483.50^*
F × L	24	2.15	0.048^*	3,060.98^*
Rep/L	4	2.33	0.007	3,986.73^*
F × Y	25	3.81^*	0.085^*	93,009.25^*
F × L × Y	25	2.34^*	0.038^*	1,686.89
F × Y × Rep/L	196	1.46^*	0.020^*	1,610.44^*
* Significant at the 0.05 probability level. ^† Rating scale was 1−9, where 1 indicated the least inflorescences while 9 was the greatest inflorescence prolificacy.

Table 2.

Tests of fixed effects due to location by year, location and year, and expected mean squares due to random effects of various sources for inflorescences prolificacy, seed set percentage and seed yield among half-sib families combined across locations (Stillwater and Perkins) or/and years (2012 and 2013).

Variables	2012^†	2013^†	Combined^‡
Inflorescence prolificacy	0.70	0.50	0.55
Seed set (%)	0.61	0.63	0.78
Seed yield (kg ha⁻¹)	0.84	0.23	0.18
^† Estimates were based on the single year data across locations. ^‡ Estimates were based on the two-year data across locations.

Table 3.

Narrow-sense heritability estimates for seed yield and its components in bermudagrass based on component of genetic variation among half-sib families.

Traits	Stillwater^†	Perkins^‡	Stillwater^†	Perkins^‡
Traits	2012	2012	2013	2013
Inflorescence prolificacy	0.30^*(0.15)	0.53^*(0.14)	0.21(0.16)	0.33(0.18)
Seed set (%)	0.76^*(0.28)	0.33(0.21)	0.66^*(0.27)	0.41^*(0.20)
Seed yield (kg ha⁻¹)	0.26^*(0.13)	0.68^*(0.18)	−0.10(0.13)	1.38(0.88)
^†Data for half-sib families were at the Stillwater site, and for parents at the Perkins site. ^‡ Data for half-sib families were at the Perkins site, and for parents at the Stillwater site. * Significant at the 0.05 probability level.

Table 4.

Narrow-sense heritability estimates and their standard errors (in parentheses) for inflorescences prolificacy, seed set percentage and seed yield in 2012 and 2013 based on parent-offspring regression.