Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of cut lily under the condition of frame-type soilless culture

Tingting Zhou; Dehua Zhang; Da Lei; Dandan Shan; Ze Wu; Xianjuan Yang; Nianjun Teng; Tingting Zhou; Dehua Zhang; Da Lei; Dandan Shan; Ze Wu; Xianjuan Yang; Nianjun Teng

doi:10.48130/TIH-2023-0001

Figures (3) Tables (8)

Figure 2.
Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of ‘Sorbonne’ cut flowers. From left to right, plant height, buds, roots and flowers at different developmental stages. A2B3 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, YaraMila Compound fertilizer 2 g/plant); A3B4 (fertilizer 4 g/plant, Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant as topdressing). DAP (days after planting).
Figure 1.
Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of 'Conca d’Or' cut flowers. From left to right, plant height, buds, roots and flowers at different developmental stages. A1B3 (none basal fertilizer, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A3B1 (compound fertilizer 4 g/plant as basal fertilizer, none topdressing). DAP (days after planting).
Figure 3.
Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of ‘Siberia’ cut flowers. A2B1 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, none topdressing); A4B3 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing). DAP (days after planting).

Stage I		Stage II
Basal fertilizer	Application amount	Top dressing	Application amount
A1	—	B1	—
A2	Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant	B2	Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant
A3	Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 4 g/plant (commonly used in production)	B3	YaraMila Compound fertilizer 2 g/plant
A4	Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant	B4	Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant
Yangfeng (Hubei Yangfeng Fertilizer Industry Co) N:P:K = 15:15:15; YaraMila N:P:K = 15:15:15, NO₃-N 7.5%, NH₄-N 7.5%, P₂O₅ 15%, K₂O 15%, S 5.1%; Nopfon N:P:K = 19:19:19, N 15%, P₂O₅ 15%, K₂O 15%.

Table 1.

Design of manuring.

Cultivar	Treatment	Germination rate on March 25/cm	Germination rate on March 28/cm	Germination rate on April 1/cm
Conca d'Or	A1	0.5 ± 0.09 a	0.9 ± 0.03 a	0.97 ± 0.03 a
	A2	0.4 ± 0.06 a	0.9 ± 0.02 a	0.99 ± 0.01 a
	A3	0.16 ± 0.1 b	0.68 ± 0.06 b	0.86 ± 0.05 b
	A4	0.05 ± 0.04 b	0.36 ± 0.1 c	0.81 ± 0.09 b
Sorbonne	A1	0.04 ± 0.05 a	0.32 ± 0.05 a	0.8 ± 0.08 a
	A2	0.04 ± 0.01 a	0.39 ± 0.08 a	0.81 ± 0.09 a
	A3	0.05 ± 0.03 a	0.38 ± 0.09 a	0.76 ± 0.05 a
	A4	0.04 ± 0.03 a	0.38 ± 0.11 a	0.83 ± 0.07 a
Siberia	A1	0.75 ± 0.02 a	0.97 ± 0.03 a	0.99 ± 0.01 a
	A2	0.48 ± 0.13 b	0.92 ± 0.08 a	1 ± 0 a
	A3	0.33 ± 0.11 c	0.9 ± 0.07 a	0.99 ± 0.01 a
	A4	0.24 ± 0.07 c	0.77 ± 0.07 b	0.98 ± 0.01 a
Lower case letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05. A1 (No base fertilizer); A2 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant); A3 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 4 g/plant); A4 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant).

Table 2.

Germination rate of each cultivar.

Cultivar	Treatment	Plant height on March 2/cm	Plant height on March 31/cm	Plant height on April 7/cm	Plant height on April 14/cm	Plant height on April 28/cm
Conca d’Or	A1	0.73 ± 0.09 a	8.28 ± 0.82 a	19.24 ± 1.29 a	34.56 ± 1.35 a	62.89 ± 1.77 a
	A2	0.41 ± 0.15 b	6.38 ± 0.26 b	17.85 ± 0.43 a	31.89 ± 0.9 b	59.44 ± 1.9 b
	A3	0.18 ± 0.14 c	4.03 ± 0.58 c	13.54 ± 1.1 b	28.74 ± 0.91 c	53.19 ± 0.94 c
	A4	0.06 ± 0.04 c	3.35 ± 0.62 c	11.66 ± 0.95 c	29.15 ± 1.67 c	55.66 ± 1.83 c
Sorbonne	A1	0.02 ± 0.03 a	2.03 ± 0.16 a	6.99 ± 0.3 a	16.98 ± 0.76 b	46.94 ± 0.52 a
	A2	0.02 ± 0.03 a	2.41 ± 0.56 a	7.63 ± 0.98 a	19.26 ± 0.97 a	49.33 ± 1.5 a
	A3	0.06 ± 0.05 a	2.03 ± 0.27 a	6.97 ± 0.58 a	17.19 ± 0.81 b	43.95 ± 1.44 b
	A4	0.02 ± 0.01 a	2.1 ± 0.46 a	7.23 ± 0.93 a	19.93 ± 1.95 a	47.32 ± 2.23 a
Siberia	A1	1.18 ± 0.23 a	9.11 ± 0.55 a	19.7 ± 0.91 a	33.01 ± 1.29 a	61.93 ± 1.63 ab
	A2	0.54 ± 0.15 b	8.34 ± 0.42 a	17.8 ± 0.54 b	31.8 ± 0.94 ab	63.59 ± 2.28 a
	A3	0.61 ± 0.3 b	6.32 ± 0.7 b	16.34 ± 0.98 c	29.68 ± 1.42 c	59.04 ± 3.14 b
	A4	0.29 ± 0.13 b	6.46 ± 0.43 b	15.82 ± 1.08 c	30.53 ± 1.29 bc	58.99 ± 1.5 b
Lower case letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05. Refer to Table 2 for abbreviations.

Table 3.

Plant height of each cultivar.

Treatment	Conca d’Or		Sorbonne		Siberia
Treatment	Budding	Budding rate	Budding	Budding rate	Budding	Budding rate
A1	61	33.52%	150	79.37%	115	59.9%
A2	135	71.81%	152	80.85%	139	72.4%
A3	126	67.02%	141	80.11%	136	70.8%
A4	26	13.76%	153	80.53%	115	59.9%
Refer to Table 2 for abbreviations.

Table 4.

The budding rate of different basal fertilizer treatments.

Treatment	Disease incidence			Aphid incidence
Treatment	Conca d’Or	Sorbonne	Siberia	Conca d’Or	Sorbonne	Siberia
A1	1.04%	1.56%	—	44.51%	2.12%	55.73%
A2	1.56%	2.08%	—	8.51%	3.72%	45.31%
A3	2.08%	8.33%	—	3.19%	0.57%	7.81%
A4	1.04%	1.04%	—	5.29%	0%	40.1%
Refer to Table 2 for abbreviations.

Table 5.

Disease and aphid incidence of different basal fertilizer treatments.

Treatment	Plant height (cm)	Average number of buds per plant	Bud size
Treatment	Plant height (cm)	Average number of buds per plant	First bud length (cm)	First flower diameter (cm)
A1B1	73.7 ± 0.92 cde	1.69 ± 0.19 ab	10.75 ± 0.45 abcd	30.56 ± 1.4 abc
A1B2	76.33 ± 1.42 abc	1.53 ± 0.17 ab	9.6 ± 0.1 fg	29.55 ± 1.4 abcd
A1B3	77.38 ± 0.39 ab	1.47 ± 0.16 ab	11.63 ± 0.2 a	31.57 ± 1.19 ab
A1B4	78.23 ± 1.74 a	1.54 ± 0.27 ab	9.83 ± 0.25 defg	26.38 ± 0.46 de
A2B1	70.07 ± 1.29 fg	1.66 ± 0.13 ab	11.17 ± 0.95 abc	30.62 ± 2.77 abc
A2B2	70.7 ± 2.85 efg	1.66 ± 0.13 ab	10 ± 0.87 defg	27.8 ± 1.47 cde
A2B3	74.53 ± 1.58 bcd	1.41 ± 0.06 b	9.94 ± 0.5 defg	27.05 ± 2.25 de
A2B4	73.55 ± 2.94 cdef	1.56 ± 0.25 ab	9.65 ± 0.05 efg	25.59 ± 0.01 efg
A3B1	65.98 ± 0.91 h	1.63 ± 0.07 ab	9.23 ± 0.35 g	25.38 ± 3.46 e
A3B2	65.18 ± 0.42 h	1.63 ± 0.21 ab	10.3 ± 0.53 cdef	28.33 ± 1.96 bcde
A3B3	64.78 ± 4.07 h	1.66 ± 0.08 ab	9.63 ± 0.06 efg	26.84 ± 1.04 de
A3B4	65.9 ± 2.38 h	1.65 ± 0.08 ab	9.75 ± 0.15 defg	28.12 ± 0.39 bcde
A4B1	70.05 ± 2.9 fg	1.56 ± 0.13 ab	11.43 ± 0.21 ab	32.69 ± 0.63 a
A4B2	71.45 ± 2.9 def	1.74 ± 0.21 a	10.08 ± 0.46 defg	28.18 ± 1.44 bcde
A4B3	67.93 ± 1.86 gh	1.69 ± 0.21 ab	10.63 ± 0.87 bcde	29.22 ± 2.7 bcd
A4B4	72.7 ± 2.38 def	1.54 ± 0.22 ab	10.4 ± 0.7 cdef	29.55 ± 2.13 abcd
Lower case letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05. A1B1 (none base or topdressing); A1B2 (none basal dressing, Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A1B3 (none basal dressing, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A1B4 (none basal dressing, Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant as topdressing); A2B1 ( Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, none topdressing); A2B2 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A2B3 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant); A2B4 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant, Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant as topdressing); A3B1 (fertilizer 4 g/plant, none topdressing); A3B2(compound fertilizer 4g/plant as basal fertilizer, Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A3B3 (compound fertilizer 4 g/plant as basal fertilizer, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A3B4 (compound fertilizer 4 g/plant as basal fertilizer, Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant as topdressing); A4B1 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant as basal fertilizer, none topdressing as topdressing); A4B2 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant as basal fertilizer, Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A4B3 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant as basal fertilizer, YaraMila compound fertilizer 2 g/plant as topdressing); A4B4 (Yangfeng nitrate nitrogen compound fertilizer 6 g/plant as basal fertilizer, Nopfon macroelement water soluble fertilizer 0.4 g/plant as topdressing).

Table 6.

Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of 'Conca d'Or' cut flowers.

Treatment	Plant height/cm	Average number of flowers per plant	Flower size
Treatment	Plant height/cm	Average number of flowers per plant	First bud length/cm	First flower diameter/cm
A1B1	68.93 ± 2.23 cd	4.97 ± 0.23 cdef	9.52 ± 0.14 ab	24.46 ± 0.36 abc
A1B2	68.83 ± 1.64 cd	4.76 ± 0.29 ef	9.25 ± 0.05 ab	23.16 ± 2.83 bc
A1B3	68.95 ± 3.03 cd	4.56 ± 0.41 f	10 ± 0.56 ab	23.18 ± 1.46 bc
A1B4	68.88 ± 2.33 cd	5.19 ± 0.46 bcde	9.24 ± 0.47 ab	23.24 ± 0.58 bc
A2B1	68.88 ± 4.18 cd	5.39 ± 0.16 abcd	9.3 ± 0.62 ab	24.9 ± 1.71 abc
A2B2	68.65 ± 3.13 cd	5.43 ± 0.33 abcd	8.93 ± 0.32 b	26.54 ± 1.96 a
A2B3	73.42 ± 1.66 ab	5.79 ± 0.17 a	9.42 ± 0.45 ab	26.2 ± 0.9 ab
A2B4	74.05 ± 4.21 a	5.48 ± 0.22 abc	9.13 ± 0.21 ab	24.81 ± 1.13 abc
A3B1	63.76 ± 3.58 ef	5.45 ± 0.17 abcd	9.33 ± 0.51 ab	25.71 ± 1.85 abc
A3B2	65.12 ± 1.93 de	5.47 ± 0.19 abcd	9.65 ± 1.09 ab	27.3 ± 1.26 a
A3B3	63.91 ± 1.97 ef	5.51 ± 0.22 ab	9.18 ± 0.43 ab	22.79 ± 2.02 c
A3B4	60.45 ± 2.99 f	4.98 ± 0.35 cdef	9.24 ± 0.92 ab	24.51 ± 0.93 abc
A4B1	69.58 ± 3.93 bcd	5.43 ± 0.19 abcd	9.33 ± 0.23 ab	26.94 ± 2.15 a
A4B2	66.58 ± 0.61 de	5.18 ± 0.42 bcde	9.72 ± 0.61 ab	24.52 ± 0.55 abc
A4B3	66.5 ± 1.82 de	4.95 ± 0.19 def	10.07 ± 0.66 a	24.3 ± 1.64 abc
A4B4	71.55 ± 1.72 abc	5.09 ± 0.54 bcde	9.72 ± 0.26 ab	24.35 ± 1.44 abc
Lower case letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05. Refer to Table 6 for abbreviations.

Table 7.

Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of 'Sorbonne' cut flowers.

Treatment	Plant height/cm	Average number of flowers per plant	Flower size
Treatment	Plant height/cm	Average number of flowers per plant	First bud length/cm	First flower diameter/cm
A1B1	76.25 ± 2.76 bcd	4.29 ± 0.27 ab	9.37 ± 0.6 e	22.56 ± 0.88 d
A1B2	80.9 ± 1.53 ab	4.3 ± 0.26 ab	10.01 ± 0.27 abcde	24.35 ± 1.18 cd
A1B3	79.95 ± 1.37 ab	3.82 ± 0.35 bcd	10.07 ± 0.6 abcde	24.83 ± 2.56 abcd
A1B4	80.78 ± 3.53 ab	3.81 ± 0.54 bcd	9.43 ± 0.87 de	23.71 ± 2.28 cd
A2B1	79.07 ± 5.17 abcd	4.53 ± 0.28 a	10.26 ± 0.55 abc	25.49 ± 1.28 abc
A2B2	82.28 ± 4 a	4.31 ± 0.3 ab	10.06 ± 0.55 abcde	25.01 ± 2.28 abcd
A2B3	78.78 ± 3.26 abcd	4.21 ± 0.09 ab	10.28 ± 0.69 abc	26.05 ± 2.25 abc
A2B4	75.95 ± 2.8 bcd	4.11 ± 0.28 ab	10.62 ± 0.49 a	26.52 ± 1.26 abc
A3B1	70.5 ± 3.9 e	4.14 ± 0.38 ab	10.16 ± 0.55 abcde	24.6 ± 1.77 bcd
A3B2	70.13 ± 4.67 e	3.97 ± 0.39 bc	10.63 ± 0.8 a	27.49 ± 2.94 a
A3B3	75.58 ± 2.69 bcd	4.14 ± 0.28 ab	10.46 ± 0.5 ab	25.89 ± 2.03 abc
A3B4	79.35 ± 2.47 abc	4.29 ± 0.44 ab	9.69 ± 0.24 bcde	24.62 ± 1.03 bcd
A4B1	73.98 ± 1.06 de	3.47 ± 0.27 cd	10.36 ± 0.61 ab	26.25 ± 1.59 abc
A4B2	77.65 ± 2.23 abcd	3.58 ± 0.12 cd	10.35 ± 0.51 ab	27.2 ± 2.13 ab
A4B3	74.53 ± 3.41 cde	3.41 ± 0.21 d	9.52 ± 0.68 cde	25.12 ± 2.02 abcd
A4B4	76.88 ± 3.37 bcd	3.77 ± 0.47 bcd	10.2 ± 0.73 abcd	26.49 ± 3.3 abc
Lower case letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05. Refer to Table 6 for abbreviations.

Table 8.

Effects of different fertilization schemes on the quality of 'Siberia' cut flowers.