Recent advances of the causal agent of yellow leaf disease (YLD) on areca palm (<i>Areca catechu</i> L.)

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Figure 1.
The typical YLD symptoms on areca palm. (a) YLD symptoms initially starts from leaflet tips of lowermost leaves and the mid-crown; (b) chlorosis (yellowing) expands in the direction of vascular tissues while the midribs remain green, forming yellow-green borders; (c) yellowing symptoms due to nutrition deficiencies or rotten root.
Figure 2.
APV1 transmitted by Ferrisia virgata mealybugs causes YLD symptoms on areca palm. (a) Healthy areca palm leaf, (b) YLD symptoms, (c) physiological yellowing.