Figures (0)  Tables (2)
    • Powdery mildew species
      (previously reported as)
      Plant speciesCountryReferences
      Blumeria graminisTriticum glaucumMyanmar[13]
      Brasiliomyces chiangmaiensisDalbergia cultrataThailand[2]
      Dalbergia cultrata var. cultrataThailand[14]
      Cystotheca (syn. Setoidium castanopsidis)Castanopsis javanicaIndonesia[15]
      Cystotheca tjibodensisCastanopsis argenteaIndonesia[16]
      Erysiphe asiaticaCastanopsis diversifolia, Castanopsis echinocarpaThailand[17]
      Erysiphe baliensisGliricidia sepiumIndonesia[18]
      Desmodium triflorumThailand[19]
      Erysiphe boehmeriaeBoehmeria siamensisThailand[20]
      Erysiphe caricae-papayaeCarica papayaThailand[21]
      Erysiphe cruciferarumBrassica junceaVietnam[22]
      Brassica parachinensis, Cleome chelidoniiThailand[23]
      Erysiphe diffusaGlycine maxVietnam[24]
      Erysiphe diffusa (syn. Oidium caricae)Carica papayaIndonesia[7]
      Erysiphe elevataEucalyptus camaldulensisThailand[20]
      Erysiphe fernandoaeFernandoa adenophyllaThailand[25]
      Erysiphe heracleiHydrocotyle javanicaThailand[23]
      Apiaceae, Coriandrum sativumMyanmar[13]
      Erysiphe javanicaCastanopsis javanicaIndonesia[26]
      Erysiphe kydiae-calycinaeKydia calycinaThailand[20]
      Erysiphe lespedezaeBauhinia purpureaThailand[27]
      Phanera purpureaThailand[19]
      Erysiphe liquidambaris (syn. Erysiphe liquidambaris var. acalycinae)Liquidambar acalycinaThailand[28]
      Erysiphe monoperidiataCastanopsis argyrophylla, Castanopsis calathiformis, Castanopsis indica, Castanopsis tribuloides, Lithocarpus elegans, Lithocarpus polystachyusThailand[2,17]
      Erysiphe moriTectona grandisThailand[28, 29]
      Erysiphe necator (syn. Erysiphe necator var. necator)Vitis viniferaThailand[28]
      Erysiphe necator (syn. Oidium tuckeri)Vitis viniferaCambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam[7]
      Thailand[7,30]
      Erysiphe necator (syn. Uncinula necator)Fragaria × ananassaPhilippines[31]
      Vitis viniferaPhilippines[32,33]
      Erysiphe nyctaginacearumMirabilis jalapaIndonesia[2]
      Thailand[20]
      Erysiphe pisi (syn. Erysiphe pisi var. pisi)Pisum sativumThailand[19]
      Pisum arvense; Pisum sativumMyanmar[13]
      Erysiphe platani (syn. Microsphaera platani)Platanus sp.Brunei Darussalam[34]
      Erysiphe polygoniPhaseolus aureus, Pisum sativum, Vigna sinensisCambodia[35]
      Calendula spThailand[36]
      Antigonon leptopus, Muehlenbeckia platyclada, Polygonum odoratumThailand[20]
      Clitoria ternateaVietnam[37]
      Citrus nohilisPhilippines[38]
      Vigna radiata, Pisum sativum, Phaseolus aureus, Phaseolus radiatusPhilippines[31,3942]
      Crotolaria incana, Crotolaria mucronata, Crotolaria pallida, Crotolaria saltiana, Heliotropium indicum, Cleome rutidospermaPhilippines[43]
      Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna sinensis x Vigna sesquipedalisPhilippines[44]
      Erysiphe pseudoloniceraeCyclea barbataThailand[20]
      Erysiphe quercicolaAcacia auriculiformisThailand[45]
      Cassia fistula, Castanopsis argyrophylla, Hodgsonia macrocarpa, Kydia calycina, Jatropha curcas, Mallotus philippinensis, Mimosa pudica, Tamarindus indica, Ziziphus jujubaThailand[46]
      Hevea brasiliensisThailand[4648]
      Quercus sp.Thailand[4750]
      Vietnam[48,51]
      Malaysia[47,48]
      Bauhinia purpureaIndonesia[47,52]
      Erysiphe quercicola (syn. Oidium citri)Citrus limon, Citrus sinensisTimor-Leste, Malaysia[47,53]
      Citrus reticulataVietnam[48,51]
      Timor-Leste[53]
      Citrus sp.Myanmar[13]
      Erysiphe quercicola (syn. Oidium bixae)Bixa orellana,Thailand[47,53]
      Indonesia[54]
      Erysiphe quercicola (syn. Oidium mangiferae)Mangifera indicaThailand[47,53]
      Myanmar[13]
      Erysiphe sidaeSida rhombifoliaIndonesia[18]
      Erysiphe tectonae (syn. Uncinula tectonae)Tectona grandisThailand[28,29]
      Myanmar[7,8,13]
      Erysiphe trifoliorumAeschynomene americana
      var. Americana, Sesbania grandiflora, Tamarindus indica
      Thailand[19]
      Erysiphe sp.Aristolochia indica, Viburnum inopinatum, Wrightia arborea, Luffa acutangula, Ostodes paniculataThailand[23]
      Clitoria ternatea, Indigofera dosua, Indigofera linnaei, Lithocarpus lindleyanus, Lithocarpus vestitus, Microtoena insuavis, Mucuna bracteata, Ocimum sanctum, Pueraria mirifica, Pueraria wallichii, Thailand[19]
      Ficus subincisaThailand[20]
      Nicotiana tabacumThailand[7,30]
      Vigna sinensis, Vigna unguiculata, Sesasum orientale, Phaseolus vulgarisPhilippines[40,55]
      Solanum lycopersicumPhilippines[40,5557]
      Carica papayaPhilippines[40,55,58]
      Annona squamosaPhilippines[7]
      Justicia adhatodaIndonesia[7]
      Solanum melongenaLaos[7]
      Fibroidium abelmoschi (syn. Oidium
      abelmoschi)
      Hibiscus ficulneus, Hibiscus sabdariffaMyanmar[13]
      Fibroidium balsaminae (syn, Oidium balsaminae)Impatiens balsaminaMyanmar[13]
      Fibroidium heliotropii-indici (syn. Oidium heliotropii-indici)Heliotropium indicum, Heliotropium ovalifolium, Heliotropium supinumMyanmar[13]
      Heliotropium indicumIndonesia, Philippines[2,8]
      Fibroidium tingitaninum (syn. Oidium tingitaninum)Citrus aurantium, Citrus nobilis var. deliciosa, Citrus sinensisIndonesia[7]
      Citrus mitis, Citrus nobilis var. deliciosaPhilippines[7]
      Golovinomyces ambrosiaeHelianthus annuusThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces biocellatusMomordica charantiaThailand[36]
      Golovinomyces biocellatus (syn. Oidium erysiphoides)Cucurbita moschata, Lagenaria siceraria, Luffa acutangula, Momordica charantiaThailand[30]
      Cajanus cajanMyanmar[37]
      Golovinomyces bolayiVigna umbellataThailand[60]
      Golovinomyces cichoracearumCucurbita oviferaMyanmar[13]
      Dahlia sp.Thailand[61]
      Mangifera indicaIndonesia[7]
      Zinnia sp.Philippines[62]
      Golovinomyces cichoracearum (syn. Erysiphe cichoracearum)Capsicum annum; Capsicum frutescens, Cucurbita maximaPhilippines[40]
      Cucumis melo, Cucumis melo var. cantalupensisPhilippines[31,63,64]
      Vigna radiata, Phaseolus aureus, Phaseolus radiatusPhilippines[31,3942]
      Solanum lycopersicumPhilippines[65]
      Cucumis sativus, , Cucurbita moschata, Nicotiana tabacum Citrullus lunatusPhilippines[31]
      Citrullus lunatus, Citrullus vulgaris, Cucurbita pepoPhilippines[63,64,66]
      Lagenaria leucantha, Lagenaria siceraria; Benincasa hispidaPhilippines[64]
      Chrysanthemum coronarium, Chrysanthemum morifoliumPhilippines[67]
      Golovinomyces cynoglossiMyosotis scopioidesThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces lycopersici (syn. Oidium lycopersici)Solanum lycopersicumMyanmar[13]
      Golovinomyces ocimi (syn. Oidium ocimi)Ocimum gratissimumMyanmar[13]
      Ocimum tenuiflorumThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces orontiiCoccinia indica, Coccinia grandis Vigna umbellateThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces spadiceusDahlia x hortenisis Dahlia pinnata, Laggera crispata, Verbena × hybridaThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces sonchicolaSonchus oleraceusThailand[59]
      Golovinomyces sordidusPlantago majorVietnam[68]
      Golovinomyces tabaciCucumis sativusMyanmar[13]
      Coccinia grandisThailand[60]
      Golovinomyces sp.Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Lactuca indica, Lygisma inflexumThailand[59]
      Leveillula clavataEuphorbia pulcherrimaIndonesia[2]
      Leveillula tauricaOxalis barrelieriSingapore[7]
      Euphorbia pulcherrima, Tropaeolum majus, Capsicum frutescensIndonesia[7]
      Capsicum annuum var. longumMalaysia[7]
      Capsicum annuumMalaysia[69]
      Brunei Darussalam[70]
      Thailand[7]
      Myanmar[13]
      Tropaeolum majusMyanmar[7,13]
      Solanum melongenaMyanmar[7,13]
      Solanum lycopersicumMyanmar[13]
      Philippines[31,63,64]
      Solanum aculeatissimum, Solanum torvum, Euphorbia heterophyllaThailand[71]
      Euphorbia geniculataThailand[7]
      Hibiscus sabdariffaThailand[7,30]
      Leveillula taurica (syn. Oidiopsis sicula)Capsicum frutescens, C. annuum var. grossum, C. frutescens × C. chinense (Bhut Jolokia), Capsicum sp.Thailand[72]
      Leveillula sp.Glycine max, Lagerstroemia speciosaThailand[7]
      Microidium agatidis (syn. Oidium agatidis)Sesbania grandifloraVietnam[2]
      Agati grandifloraVietnam[8]
      Microidium phyllanthiPhyllanthus urinariaVietnam[73]
      Microidium phyllanthi (syn. Oidium phyllanthi)Phyllanthus acidus, Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus reticulatusVietnam[74,75]
      Phyllanthus nanusMyanmar[13]
      Phyllanthus sp.Brunei Darussalam[34]
      Microidium phyllanthi-reticulatiPhyllanthus reticulatusThailand[76]
      Oidiopsis sp.Capsicum sp., Solanum lycopersicumThailand[30]
      Chrozophora plicataMyanmar[13]
      Oidium arachidisArachis hypogaeaIndonesia[7]
      Oidium caricae-papayaeCarica papayaMyanmar[13]
      Brunei Darussalam[34]
      Oidium euphorbiae-hirtaeEuphorbia piluliferaIndonesia[7]
      Oidium heveaeHevea collina, Hevea guianensis, Hevea spruceanaIndonesia[7,77]
      Hevea brasiliensisBrunei Darussalam[7,70]
      Cambodia[7,35]
      Indonesia[77]
      Malaysia[69, 7780]
      Myanmar[7,13]
      Thailand[7,30,78]
      Vietnam[7]
      Oidium indigoferaeIndigofera hirsutaSingapore[8]
      Oidium nepheliiDurio zibethinusIndonesia[47,52]
      Thailand[30,46]
      Nephelium lappaceumBrunei Darussalam[7,70]
      Indonesia[2,81]
      Malaysia[80]
      Singapore[7]
      Thailand[30,46]
      Oidium oxalidisOxalis corniculataPhilippines, Indonesia[7]
      Oxalis repensPhilippines[82]
      Oidium papaveracearumArgemone mexicanaMyanmar[13]
      Oidium sp.Brassica chinensis, Coccinia grandis, Cosmos caudatus, Durio zibethinus, Lagenaria leucantha, Litchi chinensis, Luffa acutangula, Momordica charantia, Sesbania grandiflora,Thailand[7]
      Coccinia indica, Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis, Dahlia rosea, Heliotropium indicum, Impatiens balsamina, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Phaseolus aureus, Pisum sativum, Rosa sp., Sesamum indicum, Triticum vulgare, Vigna sesquipedalis, Zinnia elegans, Ziziphus jujube, Ziziphus mauritianaThailand[30]
      Cassia sp.Thailand[37]
      Antigonon leptopus, Cucurbita pepo var. medullosa, Impatiens balsamina, Luffa aegyptiaca, Rosa sp.,Brunei Darussalam[7]
      Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Dahlia sp., Hibiscus mutabilis, Luffa acutangula, Luffa cylindrical, Vigna sesquipedalis, Zinnia elegans,Brunei Darussalam[7,70]
      Helianthus annuus, Euphorbia tithymaloides, Acacia sp.,Brunei Darussalam[34]
      Baliospermum axillare, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Coccinia indica, Codiaeum variegatum, Eclipta alba, Helianthus annuus, Lagerstroemia indica, Psoralea corylifolia, Sechium edule, Sesamum indicum, Tephrosia purpurea, Tinospora cordifolia,Myanmar[13]
      Cajanus cajan, Croton calococcus, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita sp., Glochidion sp., Lagenaria leucantha, Phaseolus aureus, Piper betle, Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculataMyanmar[7]
      Capsicum frutescens, Citrus reticulate, Corchorus capsularis, Cucurbita pepo, Sesamum indicum , Vigna sesquipedalis, Vitis vinifera, Zinnia elegansCambodia[35]
      Corchorus olitorius, Cucumis sativusCambodia[7]
      Acacia sp.Indonesia[53]
      Albizia falcate, Albizia moluccana, Angelonia salicariifolia Blumea balsamifera, Boehmeria nivea, Capsicum annuum var. grossum, Capsicum frutescens, Cassia multijuga, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia surattensis, Cassia tora, Celtis tetrandra, Citrus hystrix f. acida, Clitoria ternatea, Crotalaria juncea, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita sp., Deguelia microphylla, Desmodium gyroides, Elatostema sessile, Eugenia densiflora, Heliotropium indicum, Indigofera sumatrana, Justicia adhatoda, Lagerstroemia sp., Luffa aegyptiaca, Manihot glaziovii, Mirabilis jalapa, Morus alba, Myristica fragrans, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phyllanthus niruri, Physalis minima, Rosa sp., Sida acuta, Tamarindus indica, Torenia asiatica, Verbena laciniataIndonesia[7]
      Cucurbita sp., Solanum melongenaLaos[7]
      Antigonon leptopusMalaysia[70]
      Angelonia salicariifolia, Benincasa cerifera, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia tora, Cucumis sp., Cucurbita moschata, Heliotropium indicum, Hydrangea sp., Impatiens balsamina, Luffa acutangula, Solanum lycopersicum, Physalis minima, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Tamarindus indica, Vigna sinensisMalaysia[69]
      Corchorus capsularis, Euphorbia hirta, Hibiscus mutabilisMalaysia[83]
      Benincasa hispida, Corchorus olitorius, Indigofera hirsute, Nephelium mutabile, Solanum melongena, Stachytarpheta indica, Vigna sesquipedalisMalaysia[7]
      Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesamum indicumMalaysia[69,]
      Sauropus androgynous, Vitis vinifera, Zinnia elegansMalaysia[84]
      Senna occidentalis, Senna toraMalaysia[37]
      Capsicum annuum, Cucurbita maxima, Desmodium procumbens, Heliotropium indicum, Oxalis repens, Phaseolus sp., Pisum sativum,Philippines[7]
      Samanea samanPhilippines[85]
      Stachytarpheta indica, Peltophorum pterocarpumSingapore[7]
      Cucumis melo, Hevea sp., Nicotiana tabacum, Prunus persica, Prunus triflora, Prunus triloba, Sesbania grandifloraVietnam[7]
      Acacia auriculiformisThailand, Malaysia[53]
      Philippines[86]
      Acacia mangiumThailand, Malaysia, Philippines[85]
      Nicotiana tabacumThailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam[7]
      Malaysia[69]
      Myanmar[13]
      Ovulariopsis moricolaMorus albaThailand[30]
      Phyllactinia alangiiAlangium kurziiThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia broussonetiae-papyriferaeBroussonetia papyriferaThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia cassiae-fistulaeCassia fistulaThailand[87]
      Phyllactinia dalbergiaeDalbergia lanceolariaThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia gmelinaeGmelina arboreaThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia guttata (syn. Phyllactinia corylea)Morus albaThailand[30]
      Morus sp.Myanmar[13]
      Indonesia[77]
      Phyllactinia guttata (syn. Phyllactinia suffulta)Morus albaPhilippines[31,40,55]
      Phyllactinia lagerstroemiaeLagerstroemia macrocarpa, Lagerstroemia speciosaThailand[88]
      Phyllactinia mori-macrouraeMorus macrouraThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia moricolaMorus sp.Myanmar; Vietnam[7,13]
      Morus albaThailand[71]
      Morus rubraThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia poinsettiaeEuphorbia pulcherrimaIndonesia[12]
      Phyllactinia pyri-communisPyrus communisMyanmar[13]
      Phyllactinia terminaliaeTerminalia belliricaThailand[71]
      Phyllactinia sp.Ehretia laevisThailand[71]
      Rosa sp.Philippines[89]
      Podosphaera aphanisFragaria ×ananassaThailand[36]
      Podosphaera caricicolaCarica papayaThailand[21]
      Podosphaera euphorbiae-hirtaeEuphorbia hirtaMyanmar[13]
      Podosphaera fuliginea (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea)Phaseolus aconitifoliusMyanmar[7]
      Cucurbita moschata, Impatiens balsamina, Luffa aegyptiacaMalaysia[7]
      Benincasa hispida, Cucurbita moschata, Dahlia variabilis, Impatiens balsaminaSingapore[7]
      Podosphaera fuscaBidens sp.Malaysia, Singapore[36]
      Cosmos caudatusMalaysia[90]
      Zinnia elegansThailand[61]
      Podosphaera fusca (syn. Sphaerotheca fusca)Carica papayaBrunei Darussalam[34]
      Podosphaera pannosa (syn. Sphaerotheca pannosa)Rosa sp.Brunei Darussalam[70]
      Myanmar[13]
      Thailand[30]
      Rosa hybridaThailand[36]
      Rosa sp.Philippines[91]
      Podosphaera perseae-americanaePersea americanaIndonesia[92]
      Podosphaera pruni-cerasoidisPrunus cerasoidesThailand[93]
      Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Podosphaera
      caricae-papayae)
      Carica papayaThailand[45]
      Podosphaera xanthiiCajanus cajan, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita ovifera,
      Cucurbita pepo, Lagenaria vulgaris, Luffa aegyptiaca, Phaseolus aconitifolius, Phaseolus mungo, Pisum sativum, Sesamum indicum,
      Vicia unguiculata, Vigna catjang
      Myanmar[13]
      Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis, Vigna radiata, Solanum melongena
      Philippines[94,95]
      Ageratum conyzoidesThailand[61]
      Cucumis meloThailand[96]
      Bidens pilosa, Carica papaya, Chamaesyce hirta, Cleome rutidosperma, Cosmos sulphureus, Crotalaria pallida, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Cyanthillium cinereum, Dahlia pinnata, Euphorbia hirta, Euphorbia tithymaloides, Galinsoga parviflora, Gymnema inodorum, Heliotropium indicum, Impatiens balsamina, Justicia comata, Macroptilium atropurpureum, Millingtonia hortensis, Momordica charantia, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis angulate, Pouzolzia zeylanica, Senna occidentalis, Solanum melongena, Spilanthes iabadicensis, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalisThailand[36]
      Capsicum frutescensVietnam[97]
      Jatropha gossypiifoliaVietnam[98]
      Podosphaera sp.Aster sp., Cleome viscosa, Coccinia grandis, Cucurbita moschata, Helianthus annuus, Hibiscus mutabilis, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hydrocleys nymphoides, Kydia sp., Lagenaria siceraria var. gourda, Leucas decemdentata, Prunus mume, Prunus persica, Raphistemma pulchellum, Sesamum indicum, Viola tricolor, Zinnia elegansThailand[36]
      Pseudoidium antigononis (syn. Oidium antigononis)Antigonon leptopusBrunei Darussalam[2]
      Pseudoidium azadirachtae (syn. Oidium azadirachtae)Azadirachta indicaMyanmar[13]
      Pseudoidium clitoriae (syn. Oidium clitoriae)Clitoria ternateaCambodia, Indonesia[2,8]
      Pseudoidium fabacearumSesbania grandifloraThailand, Vietnam[2]
      Pseudoidium hortensiae (syn. Oidium hortensiae)Hydrangea sp.Indonesia[7]
      Thailand[61]
      Hydrangea macrophyllaThailand[19]
      Pseudoidium ipomoeae (syn. Oidium
      ipomoeae)
      Ipomoea aquatic, Ipomoea obscuraThailand[23]
      Ipomoea reniformisMyanmar[13]
      Pseudoidium javanicumAcalphya argentea, Acalypha wilkesianaIndonesia[25]
      Pseudoidium leptadeniae (syn. Oidium leptadeniae)Leptadenia reticulataMyanmar[13]
      Pseudoidium moluccanum (syn. Oidium moluccanum)Aleurites moluccanaTimor-Leste[2,99]
      Pseudoidium neolycopersiciPhysalis sp.Thailand[20]
      Pseudoidium peltophori (syn. Oidium
      peltophori)
      Peltophorum pterocarpumSingapore[2,8]
      Pseudoidium schmiedeknechtii (syn. Oidium schmiedeknechtii)Hibiscus floccosus, Schoutenia glomerata, Urena lobataThailand[20]
      Pseudoidium stachytarphetae (syn. Oidium stachytarphetae)Stachytarpheta indicaSingapore[2,8,100]
      Pseudoidium tamarindi (syn. Oidium
      tamarindi)
      Tamarindus indicaIndonesia, Singapore[2,8]
      Myanmar[13]
      Pseudoidium urenae (syn. Oidium urenae)Urena lobataMyanmar[13]

      Table 1. 

      Southeast Asian (SEA) records of powdery mildew species associated with various plant species.

    • Powdery mildew
      species
      CropCountryResistant genotypesReferences
      Erysiphe diffusa (syn. Microsphaera diffusa)SoybeanVietnamHR- SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV14, SV17
      R- SV7, SV11, SV12, SV13, SV24, SV26, SV27, SV28, SV29, SV33
      [125]
      IndonesiaHR- UP-104, UP-106, UP-108, UP-111, UP-112, UP-113, UP-114,
      UP-125, UP-127, UP-130, UP-136, UP-137, Argomulyo, Arjasari, Mintani
      [118]
      Erysiphe polygoniMungbeanPhilippinesHR- CES ID-21 (Pag-asa)[111]
      ThailandHR- VC 6468
      R- Kamphaeng Saen 2
      [124]
      HR- VC1973A and VC2778A
      HR- VC1210A
      R- VC1482A, VC2273, VC3528A
      [126,127]
      R- M5-10 and M5-25[128]
      R- V4718 and RUM5[129]
      MR- VC 2764 Y, VC 1163, VC 2768, VC 3876[129]
      Erysiphe sp.MelonMyanmarHR- I-7, I-10, I-18, I-19, B-1
      R- I-4, I-11, I-12, I-21, I-22 I-23, N-1
      [130]
      Oidium sp.MungbeanThailandMR- Chai Nat 36, Kamphaeng Saen 1, Kamphaeng Saen 2[131]
      Phyllactinia guttataMulberryVietnamHR- EC-493900 Vietnam-2[132]
      IndonesiaMR- M. multicaulis (M), EC-493895 M. multicaulis (B)
      MyanmarEC-493973 M. rotundiloba
      ThailandEC-49352 Thailand Lobed
      Podosphaera xanthiiEggplantPhilippinesHR- PPLEgpAcc042 and PPLEgpAcc049[95]
      BittergourdMyanmar, Philippines, Thailand, VietnamR- THMC 113, THMC143, THMC153, THMC167, THMC 170[133]
      VietnamR- THMC 60-1, THMC 354[134]
      PhilippinesR- THMC 28-2-2, THMC 30, THMC 31, THMC 33, THMC 35, THMC 37, THMC 42, THMC 43, THMC 44[134]
      HR - Highly resistant; R - Resistant; MR - Moderately resistant.

      Table 2. 

      Some sources of powdery mildew resistance in Southeast Asia.