Figures (2)  Tables (2)
    • Figure 1. 

      Eleven cultivar groups of Mei and representative functional genes in five aspects. 1, Versicolor Group; 2, Dragon Group; 3, Pendent Group; 4, Cinnabar Purple Group; 5, Single Flowered Group; 6, Flavescens Group; 7, Blireiana Group; 8, Apricot Mei Group; 9, Pink Double Group; 10, Alboplena Group; 11, Green Calyx Group.

    • Figure 2. 

      Timeline of research on P. mume genomics and prospects.

    • Flower scentGene IDFunction descriptionValidation methodsReference
      PmPAL2Pm030127Involved in phenylpropanoids/
      benzenoids biosynthesis
      HS-SPME-GC-MS Methods[32]
      PmBEAT36/37Pm011009/Pm011010Performs a key part in the biosynthesis
      of benzyl acetate
      Bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, plasmid construction, subcellular localization, enzyme activity analysis, GC-MS analysis[11]
      PmBARPm012335/Pm013777/
      Pm013782
      Performs a key part in the biosynthesis
      of benzyl acetate, as the key genes responsible for BAR activity
      Integrative metabolite, enzyme activity, and transcriptome analysis, plasmid construction, qPCR validation[42]
      PmBAHD16/25Pm010996/Pm011009Plays an important role in promoting
      the production of benzyl acetate
      GC-MS analysis, bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern and WGCNA analysis, validation of transgenic Arabidopsis plants[41]
      PmIAA2/12/15/16Pm003529/Pm013416/
      Pm013597/Pm020225
      Involved in the synthesis of benzyl
      acetate and cinnamyl acetate
      Bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis[45]
      PmMYBPm015692/Pm021211/
      Pm025253
      Engaged in floral fragrance metabolic control via influencing the expression
      of downstream genes
      GC-MS analysis, bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization, vector construction[18]
      PmEGSPm012360Involved in eugenol biosynthesisBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization[43]
      PmCFAT1Pm030674Involved in floral scent metabolismGC-MS analysis, bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization[34]
      PmABCG2/18/26Pm001070/Pm022014/
      Pm029602
      Positively linked with benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol volatilization ratesBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, GC-MS analysis of volatile components[44]
      PmABCG9/13/23Pm011453/Pm012323/
      Pm026080
      Positively linked with benzaldehyde and benzyl alcohol volatilization ratesBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, GC-MS analysis of volatile components[44]
      PmCAD1/2Pm021215/Pm021214Play roles in cinnamyl alcohol synthesisGC-MS analysis, bioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, vector construction[46]

      Table 1. 

      Functional validation information of flower scent.

    • Cold resistanceGene IDFunction descriptionValidation MethodsReference
      PmCBF1/2/3/4/5/6Pm023769/Pm023772/
      Pm023773/Pm023775/
      Pm023777/Pm027913/
      Key TF that responses to cold signalqRT-PCR, gene cloning and Yeast 2 Hybrid assays, BiFC assays, promoter cloning and Yeast 1 Hybrid assays[82]
      PmICE1PmCBF express levels are increased in response to a low temperature signalBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization, vector construction, Arabidopsis transformation, and low-temperature stress experiments[92]
      PmLEA10/29Pm026684/Pm006114Besponse to cold stressGene expression analysis, Tobacco transformation and stress tolerance analysis, Relative Water Content (RWC), protein assay and analysis, statistical approach for MDA and REL[86]
      PmLEA19/20Pm020945/Pm021811Response to cold stress; participate in ABA-dependent pathwayGene expression analysis, Tobacco transformation and stress tolerance analysis, Relative Water Content (RWC), protein assay and analysis, statistical approach for MDA and REL[86]
      PmRSPm027594/Pm025896Diminish the negative effects of coldGene cloning, expression pattern analysis, subcellular localization, transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana, cold resistance analysis, transformation of Mei[107]
      PmBBX32Pm013051Diminish the negative effects of coldExpression pattern analysis, transformed Arabidopsis thaliana, low-temperature stress treatment, physiological index determination[95]
      PmCIPK5/6/13Pm001690/Pm018300/
      Pm008498
      Modulating the stress response to coldBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[103]
      PmNAC11/20/23/40/
      42/48/57/59/60/61/
      66/82/85/86/107
      Pm001403/Pm005783/ Pm006470/Pm011234/
      Pm011603/Pm012630/
      Pm015876/Pm017550/
      Pm018292/Pm018442/
      Pm019659/Pm024558/
      Pm025184/Pm025307/
      Pm025184/Pm025307/
      Pm028721
      Involved in the cold-stress responseBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[100]
      PmbHLH4/6/25/28/ 38/40/57Pm002111/Pm002283/
      Pm008898/Pm016406/ Pm018355/Pm023237
      Play a critical part in the resistance to low temperature stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[93,94]
      PmPUB1/3Pm006753/Pm009248Play a significant part in the regulatory network connected to low temperature stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR, overexpression of tobacco, low-temperature treatment, physiological index measurement[87]
      PmWRKY18Pm005698Play a significant part in the regulatory network connected to low temperature stress, sensitive to ABA treatmentBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR, overexpression of tobacco, low-temperature treatment, physiological index measurement[87]
      PmWRKY57LOC103321497Function in improving cold tolerance of plantsCloning and sequence analysis, subcellular localization, transformation of A. thaliana, determination of plant physiological index, expression analysis of genes[102]
      PmSOD3Pm003436Had important regulatory roles in cold acclimation processPhysiological index determination, section observation, tissue browning, ion leakage rate, infrared thermal imaging technology, and freeze thaw detection sensors[109]
      PmPOD2/19Pm000967/Pm022119Had important regulatory roles in cold acclimation processPhysiological index determination, section observation, tissue browning, ion leakage rate, infrared thermal imaging technology, and freeze thaw detection sensors[109]
      PmNCED3/8/9Pm005153/Pm011164/
      Pm016267
      Significant role in the plant's response to cold stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[108]
      PmCSLSignificantly improved the freezing tolerance of transgenic plantsBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, ATAC sequencing, gene cloning and gene expression analysis, plant transformation and low temperature treatment[97]
      PmHDAC1/6/14Pm020717/Pm024325/
      Pm012683
      Significantly respond to cold stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[98]
      PmbZIP 12/31/36/41/48Pm005288/Pm020080/
      Pm021804/Pm025001/
      Pm029028
      Responses to low-temperature stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[99]
      PmSWEET1/12/13/14Pm007697/Pm022696/
      Pm024167/Pm024554
      Responses to cold stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[101]
      PmCDPK14Pm026757Play an essential role in resisting low temperature stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR, compare between two genomes of Mei[105]
      PmMAPK3/5/6/20Pm000966/Pm023935/
      Pm027774/Pm014593
      Significantly respond to cold stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR, compare between two genome databases of Mei[104]
      PmMAPKK2/3/6Pm027015/Pm015648/
      Pm027289
      Significantly respond to cold stressBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR, compare between two genome databases of Mei[104]
      PmRCI2sPm027750/Pm003262/
      Pm003263
      Significantly induced by low temperatureBioinformatics analysis, expression pattern analysis, qRT-PCR[106]

      Table 2. 

      Functional validation information of cold resistance.