Figures (1)  Tables (3)
    • Figure 1. 

      Post-harvest storage losses, biochemical and molecular approaches associated with yam tubers.

    • NutrientPercentage (%)Reference
      Starch75.6−84.3[16,17]
      Protein2.62−10[16,18]
      Fat0.22−1.71[16,19]
      Crude fibre0.17−1.8[16,17]
      Amylose15.1−27.0[20]
      Aspartic acid5.21−9.36[21]
      Glutamic acid3.20−8.12[21]
      Lipid0.03−10.2[10]
      Ash2.50−4.90[22]
      Vitamin C0.013−0.025[17]
      Phytic acid0.059−0.20[17]
      Total oxalate0.49 -0.78[17]
      K0.25−0.56[23]
      Na0.0041−0.018[23]
      P0.033−0.062[23]
      Ca0.14−0.047[23]
      Mg0.018−0.027[23]
      Cu0.0001−0.00021[23]
      Fe0.00039−0.0029[23]
      Mn0.00014−0.00035[23]
      Zn0.00022−0.00053[23]

      Table 1. 

      Nutritional and antinutritional content in Dioscorea sp.

    • Dioscorea sp.DiseaseReference
      Dioscorea bulbiferaGoiter, skin infections & oncological diseases[36]
      Dioscorea nipponicaArthritis, cough, asthma, & circulatory disorders, reduce pain & inflammation[37]
      Dioscorea villosaIntestinal disorders & hormone replacement therapy[24]
      Dioscorea birmanicaChronic diseases[38]
      Dioscorea septembolaTreatment of gout[39]
      Dioscorea hispidaChemotherapy, blood glucose[40, 41]
      Dioscorea batatas, Dioscorea rotundata and Dioscorea communisAntifungal and antioxidant[42, 43]
      Dioscorea digitataSyphilis, gonorrhoea, hydrocele, goiter, piles, dysentery.[44]
      Dioscorea alataPiles, weakness, kill stomach worm[45, 46]
      Dioscorea belophylla (Prain)Fever, malaria, headache, and dysentery[47]
      Dioscorea dumetorumJaundice[48]
      Dioscorea pentaphyllaDigestive tract problems,
      skin infections
      [24,49]
      Dioscorea puberaWeakness[49]
      Dioscorea hamiltoniiPiles[50]

      Table 2. 

      Medicinal properties of Dioscorea sp.

    • SpeciesTreatmentParameterQuantitative dataReference
      Effects of storage structures, storage temperature and duration
      Dioscorea rotundataUnderground pit structure
      (25 °C, 24 weeks)
      Increased wight loss13.2%−33.4%[70]
      Dioscorea rotundata cv. Oshei and Dioscorea dumetorum cv. JakiriPrevailing tropical ambient conditions (18−31 °C, 16 weeks)Increased weight loss
      Decreased in starch content
      31%
      3.5%−4.5%
      [71]
      Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea esculenta(29 °C, 21 weeks)Increased weight loss
      Decreased proteins, starch etc.

      [74]
      Dioscorea
      roundata cv. Giwa
      Yam barn
      (fluctuating temperature, 26 weeks)
      Increased rotting loss
      Increased weight loss
      Reduction in nutritional content
      12%
      4.7%
      [75]
      Dioscorea cayenensis rotundata complex cv. Krenglè and D. alata cv. FloridoHeap aired store and stored under prevailing tropical ambient conditions (26.5 °C, 26 weeks)Increased reducing sugars
      Increased total sugars
      7%−9%
      1%
      [80]
      Dioscorea cayenensis rotundata complex cv. Krenglè and cv. KangbaHeap aired store and stored under prevailing tropical ambient conditions (26.5 °C, 26 weeks)
      Increased amylase and cellulase
      Decreased α-mannosidases and phospatases
      [81]
      Effects of fungicides/pesticides/medicinal plants extracts etc.
      Dioscorea rotundata cv. Imola and cv. AkpajiPre-planting treatment with neem extract, pesticides, and hot water
      (17 weeks)
      Decreased rotting loss
      Decreased weight loss
      Approx. 50% reduced
      Approx. 50% reduced
      [69]
      Dioscorea rotundata cv.
      Poir
      Ambient room temperature
      (30 ± 5 °C, 22 weeks)
      Trichoderma harzianum
      Control on fungal pathogens
      Paired treatments produced 2.22% (T. harzianum × F. oxysporum) and 6.67% (T. harzianum × A. niger) rots[77]
      Dioscorea rotundata cv. abiiMedicinal plants and Apron plus 50DS (16 weeks)Weight loss
      Pathogen infestation
      40% reduction
      0 to 5% reduction
      [79]
      Dioscorea rotundataMedicinal plants extracts
      (28−30 °C, 4 weeks)
      Rotting loss and
      weight loss
      Decreased losses[82]
      Dioscorea sp.Medicinal plants extracts (variable temperature and storage structures)Control of diseases and pestsDecrease in disease and pest incidence[83]

      Table 3. 

      Effects of post-harvest storage on yam tuber quality.