Figures (5)  Tables (3)
    • Figure 1. 

      Bar plots of all 272 individuals from Pueraria germplasm grouped into two or four genetic clusters with assignment probabilities obtained from STRUCTURE analyses of polymorphisms at 23 simple sequence repeat loci. (a) Distribution of delta K = 1−20. (b), (c) Histogram of the STRUCTURE assignment test when K = 2 or K = 4, respectively. The number represents the code in Supplemental Table S1.

    • Figure 2. 

      Cluster diagram based on jaccard by UPGMA analysis calculated from alleles derived from 272 Pueraria accessions. The number represents the code in Supplemental Table S1.

    • Figure 3. 

      Geographical distribution of the accessions collected in Guangxi. The number represents the code in Supplemental Table S1. The red and blue numbers represent two clusters of the 20 accessions of core germplasms. The orange squares represent the accessions of Cluster I and blue circles represent the accessions of Cluster II.

    • Figure 4. 

      PCA of Pueraria accessions based on dissimilarity matrix (Jaccard). The number represents the code in Supplemental Table S1. The number represent 272 accessions of Pueraria. The orange circles represent the accessions of Cluster I and blue circles represent the accessions of Cluster II.

    • Figure 5. 

      Cluster diagram based on jaccard by UPGMA analysis calculated from alleles derived from 20 Pueraria accessions of core germplasm. The number represents the code in Supplemental Table S1.

    • No.Primer nameSequences (5'-3')Total number
      of lands
      Number of
      polymorphic bands
      Polymorphism
      rate (%)
      1PtSSR36Fw: CTGAGTCTCTGCAAAGCCCA1010100
      Rv: TGTCACTGTGCTCCAACTCC
      2PtSSR98Fw: CATTCGGACCTCCATACCCG111090.9
      Rv: CCGCATCCAACCCTGATCAA
      3PtSSR99Fw: GCTTTCCGCTGCTACCATTC77100
      Rv: GCAACCCCAATGCTTCACAG
      4PtSSR104Fw: CACCCTCCCACCACTACAAC33100
      Rv: GCAATGTCCTCCTCAGCTGT
      5PtSSR108Fw: AGCGTGCCCAACTCAGTTAA33100
      Rv: CGACGGAGAAGGAGGGAATG
      6PtSSR109Fw: CAACCTGGCTTCTGTTGTGC5480
      Rv: CTCTGAAACGCTGGGCAATG
      7PtSSR121Fw: ACACTCAACACTCCACCACC3266.67
      Rv: AGGGTTTCCACCTTGAACCG
      8PtSSR122Fw: GGGGTTTCTTCTCGGCTGAA1111100
      Rv: CACCCCCTTCACGCTTCATA
      9PtSSR130Fw: ATCAGTGTCTACGTGGGGGA5480
      Rv: CACTGCAGCCACAACAACAT
      10PtSSR135Fw: GATCCGCACCCTATCTGTGG88100
      Rv: CTGCGACAGCTCCGATCTTA
      11PtSSR144Fw: TGTTGCTTTGAACACTAACATGCT33100
      Rv: TGCCCTTGTCAGACACAACA
      12PtSSR155Fw: TTCAACATTCCCCCAACCCC22100
      Rv: AAGAAGAGGAACACCAGGCC
      13PtSSR168Fw: GATCCCACCCACCACTTCTG55100
      Rv: GGCTCTAGTTCTGGTGCTGG
      14PtSSR172Fw:TCTCCAAAACAAGAAGGAAACTCC4375
      Rv: TCTTTCCTCTTCTGGTATCCCA
      15PtSSR174Fw: CAAAGAAGAAGCAGCCGCAG66100
      Rv: GTCAATCCCGAAGCACTTGC
      16PtSSR175Fw: CTGAGTCTCTGCAAAGCCCA77100
      Rv: TGTCACTGTGCTCCAACTCC
      17PtSSR186Fw: TGTTGCTTTGAACACTAACATGCT44100
      Rv: TGCCCTTGTCAGACACAACA
      18PtSSR187Fw: TGTTGCTTTGAACACTAACATGCT44100
      Rv: TGCCCTTGTCAGACACAACA
      19PtSSR190Fw: AACTGCAGGAGGAGCATGAC55100
      Rv: GAGCCTCCAGGTTCTTGTCC
      20PtSSR191Fw: GGAAGCATTGCGGTTTGGTT33100
      Rv: TCACATCACATGCTGCCACT
      21PtSSR196Fw: GCAAGAACCTGTGCTCCTCT3266.67
      Rv: TGCCAATGCCATTGTGGTTG
      22PtSSR201Fw: GCCTCTTCCAGCGAGAACTT44100
      Rv: TGATCCTCCCCAACAAGCTG
      23PtSSR222Fw: TGTGCAAGAAGGATGGGTGA22100
      Rv: GGTTGCATTCGGAAGCAACA
      Total118112
      Avarage5.134.8794.91

      Table 1. 

      Amplification results and polymorphism information of 23 SSR primers.

    • LocusSample sizeNaNehIHtHsGstNm
      36-127221.01120.0110.03440.01290.01280.006675.8301
      36-227221.01120.0110.03440.01290.01280.006675.8301
      36-327221.04630.04430.10820.05170.05030.027317.8197
      36-427221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      36-527221.10170.09230.19410.10630.10070.05318.9206
      36-627221.08430.07780.16960.09050.0860.04999.5227
      36-727221.26540.20980.36500.23940.20250.15412.7446
      36-827221.93220.48240.67550.49150.41570.15432.7395
      36-927221.0340.03290.08490.03090.03080.0032156.1603
      36-1027221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      98-127221.01880.01840.05270.02160.02130.01144.8945
      98-227221.14420.1260.24730.1450.13360.07865.8651
      98-327221.14990.13040.25390.15090.13740.08955.0838
      98-427221.05840.05520.12910.06340.06160.027517.6531
      98-527221.03830.03690.09330.04310.04210.022521.6887
      98-627221.03830.03690.09330.04310.04210.022521.6887
      98-727221.06710.06290.14330.07330.07040.039612.1273
      98-827221.06710.06290.14330.07330.07040.039612.1273
      98-927221.160.13790.26520.15950.14420.09574.7224
      98-1027211.00000.00000.000000
      98-1127221.01490.01470.04360.01610.0160.003166.8934
      99-127221.01880.01840.05270.02160.02130.01144.8945
      99-227221.06150.0580.13430.05920.05920.0007711.3620
      99-327221.2880.22360.38300.20290.18570.08495.3899
      99-427221.20650.17120.31290.18550.17810.0412.0065
      99-527221.140.12280.24240.14220.13040.08355.4886
      99-627221.36430.2670.43750.26220.2610.0043114.6222
      99-727221.53990.35060.53530.34480.34210.007665.5416
      104-127221.0340.03290.08500.03520.03510.0039128.2046
      104-227221.95580.48870.68180.49640.39860.19692.0392
      104-327221.99920.49980.69290.49570.37380.24591.5335
      108-127221.62920.38620.57460.3930.38820.012240.3512
      108-227221.47280.3210.50160.33310.32340.029216.6414
      108-327221.68310.40580.59580.39720.38830.022321.9303
      109-127221.29340.22690.38720.25680.21670.15622.7010
      109-227221.01490.01470.04360.01610.0160.003166.8934
      109-327221.29340.22690.38720.25680.21670.15622.7010
      109-427221.01490.01470.04360.01610.0160.003166.8934
      109-52721100.000000
      121-127221.07530.070.15610.08050.07750.037412.8581
      121-227221.07530.070.15610.08050.07750.037412.8581
      121-32721100.000000
      122-127221.03040.02950.07780.03450.03390.017927.4911
      122-227221.13510.1190.23670.13790.12680.08055.7097
      122-327221.03040.02950.07780.03450.03390.017927.4911
      122-427221.08870.08150.17600.09480.08980.05259.0192
      122-527221.08870.08150.17600.09480.08980.05259.0192
      122-627221.06710.06290.14330.07330.07040.039612.1273
      122-727221.03430.03320.08560.03880.0380.020224.2677
      122-827221.42530.29840.47520.29290.29120.005885.4766
      122-927221.00370.00370.01340.00430.00430.0022230.4989
      122-1027221.51870.34150.52500.36730.31460.14352.9847
      122-1127221.29730.22910.39020.26080.21520.17482.3604
      130-127221.20250.16840.30900.1940.17030.12213.5945
      130-227221.20250.16840.30900.1940.17030.12213.5945
      130-327221.03830.03690.09330.04310.04210.022521.6887
      130-427221.03830.03690.09330.04310.04210.022521.6887
      130-52721100.000000
      135-127221.01490.01470.04380.01720.01710.008856.4956
      135-227221.05870.05540.12960.06470.06240.034613.9494
      135-327221.34770.2580.42640.29310.22950.21711.8032
      135-427221.01110.0110.03430.01180.01180.0013397.0141
      135-527221.31270.23820.40170.27160.2190.19342.0859
      135-627221.01490.01470.04360.01610.0160.003166.8934
      135-727221.77850.43770.62950.47060.18850.59940.3341
      135-827221.96560.49130.68440.49990.15580.68840.2263
      144-127221.03430.03320.08560.03880.0380.020224.2677
      144-227221.92510.48050.67360.4790.47760.0029174.8282
      144-327221.69980.41170.60200.38770.32130.17132.4193
      155-127221.06980.06520.14750.06870.06840.0049101.9746
      155-227221.24830.19890.35070.22810.19360.15122.8079
      168-127221.5010.33380.51620.31240.28250.09564.7296
      168-227221.92540.48060.67360.48920.43210.11663.7876
      168-327221.51130.33830.52140.31810.29040.08695.2557
      168-427221.95690.4890.68210.49540.43280.12623.4613
      168-527221.00740.00730.02430.00750.00750.00012000.0000
      172-127221.23680.19150.34070.21980.18820.14382.9771
      172-227221.01120.0110.03440.01290.01280.006675.8301
      172-32721100.000000
      172-427221.00370.00370.01340.00320.00320.0016310.4992
      174-127221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      174-227221.0740.06890.15420.07410.07340.009950.0991
      174-327221.12490.1110.22410.12780.11920.06696.9725
      174-427221.00370.00370.01340.00430.00430.0022230.4989
      174-527221.75650.43070.62210.46210.24460.47060.5625
      174-627221.97220.49290.68610.50.20540.58920.3486
      175-127221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      175-227221.09320.08520.18230.09910.09370.05528.5594
      175-327221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      175-427221.20690.17140.31320.19650.17350.1173.7725
      175-527221.85040.45960.65220.47690.36540.23371.6394
      175-627221.70470.41340.60380.390.32520.16592.5132
      175-727221.03010.02920.07710.02980.02980.00031480.2742
      186-127221.04210.04040.10050.04620.04530.018127.1466
      186-227221.77260.43590.62760.40590.27390.32521.0373
      186-327221.78480.43970.63160.46980.23250.50510.4899
      186-427221.69770.4110.60130.38080.27930.26641.3765
      187-127221.0420.04030.10020.04490.04440.012240.4142
      187-227221.76410.43310.62470.40210.26550.33970.9718
      187-327221.8750.46670.65940.49050.15710.67960.2357
      187-427221.66360.39890.58830.36870.27790.24651.5286
      190-127221.09930.09030.19080.08330.0820.016429.9125
      190-227221.0460.0440.10760.03850.03770.0224.4900
      190-327221.15350.13310.25800.12110.11660.03713.0124
      190-427221.60240.37590.56340.40760.29960.26511.3862
      190-527221.99990.50.69310.49560.3230.34830.9354
      191-127221.92840.48140.67450.4980.11260.77380.1462
      191-227221.67890.40440.59420.37080.25410.31461.0893
      191-327221.16410.1410.26960.12610.11920.05528.5656
      196-127221.22950.18670.33420.21360.18560.13123.3100
      196-227221.00740.00740.02440.00860.00860.0043114.4978
      196-32721100.000000
      201-127221.00370.00370.01340.00430.00430.0022230.4989
      201-227221.99780.49950.69260.49890.35310.29231.2103
      201-327221.4040.28770.46250.32240.25090.22191.7536
      201-427221.40330.28740.46210.27980.27680.01145.0326
      222-127221.30390.2330.39510.26510.21760.17912.2910
      222-227221.77110.43540.62710.46170.30310.34350.9556
      Mean2721.94921.28410.17780.28580.18410.14350.22041.7690
      St. Dev0.22060.32770.17410.23970.03050.0166
      Na = Observed number of alleles; Ne = Effective number of alleles[56]; h = Nei's (1973) gene diversity; I = Shannon's Information index[57]; Gst = coefficient of gene differentiation; Nm = estimate of gene flow from Gst or Gcs. E.g., Nm = 0.5(1 - Gst)/Gst; Ht = Total expected heterozygosity; Hs = the average expected heterozygosity within subpopulations.

      Table 2. 

      Genetic characteristics for 112 polymorphic microsatellite loci in 272 individuals of Pueraria species in the present study.

    • Sampling proportionSample numberNaNehINumber of polymorphic lociPercentage of polymorphic lociPercentage of total loci
      5%141.8644 ± 0.34381.3839 ± 0.31160.2413 ± 0.16390.3778 ± 0.224310291.07%86.44%
      7.00%191.8644 ± 0.34381.3779 ± 0.31230.2381 ± 0.16350.3736 ± 0.224210291.07%86.44%
      7.35%201.8898 ± 0.31441.3716 ± 0.30840.2359 ± 0.15980.3727 ± 0.217010593.75%88.98%
      7.70%211.8983 ± 0.30351.3658 ± 0.30630.2333 ± 0.15800.3702 ± 0.213910694.64%89.83%
      8%221.8983 ± 0.30351.3655 ± 0.30490.2333 ± 0.15810.3699 ± 0.214510694.64%89.83%
      10%271.8983 ± 0.30351.3577 ± 0.29910.2297 ± 0.15750.3648 ± 0.215410694.64%89.83%
      15%411.9068 ± 0.29201.3451 ± 0.30550.2208 ± 0.16130.3518 ± 0.220310795.54%90.68%
      20%541.9237 ± 0.26661.3384 ± 0.31060.2161 ± 0.16210.3459 ± 0.219510997.32%92.37%
      30%821.9322 ± 0.25251.3204 ± 0.30520.2060 ± 0.16250.3314 ± 0.221711098.21%93.22%
      40%1091.9407 ± 0.23721.3180 ± 0.31580.2024 ± 0.16640.3249 ± 0.227211199.11%94.07%
      50%1361.9322 ± 0.25251.3146 ± 0.32730.1980 ± 0.17030.3171 ± 0.232711098.21%93.22%
      100%2721.9492 ± 0.22061.2841 ± 0.32770.1778 ± 0.17410.2858 ± 0.239711294.92%
      Na = Observed number of alleles; Ne = Effective number of alleles[56]; h = Nei's (1973) gene diversity; I = Shannon's Information index[57].

      Table 3. 

      Summary of the extraction of a core collection.