Figures (2)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      Distribution and abundance of different types of biological data of Japanese barnyard millet (E. esculenta) across various databases as of 20th July 2024 [11].

    • Figure 2. 

      Process of improving barnyard millet cultivars by integrating genetic and omics resources.

    • Experiment Type of marker Results Ref.
      Proximate and molecular study 20 Echinochloa frumentacea L. 10 RAPD primers generated 50 bands All 50 bands were polymorphic (100%) having 45 shared and five unique bands; fragment size ranged 212 bp [42]
      Proximate and molecular study 20 Echinochloa frumentacea L. 10 ISSR primers generated 42 bands 40 bands were polymorphic (90%) with 39 shared one unique bands; fragment size ranged 250 bp [42]
      Genetic diversity analysis of millet crop Four RAPD primers OPC06, OPC18, OPD13, and OPW04 Two primers OPC06 and OPD13 showed the highest polymorphism (83%) [44]
      Assessment of genetic diversity in Echinochloa
      crus-galli (L.)      		 Eight specific SSR markers 48 alleles were identified; genetic variation among populations (37.01%) [45]
      Assessment of molecular diversity and proximate composition of barnyard millet, pearl millet and sorghum (five varieties of each) 10 SRAP primer 65 polymorphic bands having 56 shared and nine unique bands with an average of 6.5 bands per primer and 98.75% polymorphism per primer [47]
      Comparative analysis of whole chloroplast genomes of Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli, E. crus-galli var. zelayensis, and E. glabrescens 139 SSRs Phylogenetic tree between 10 barnyard grass species and other common Gramineae plants, showing new genetic relationships of the genus Echinochloa [46]
      Validation of ssr markers for barnyard millet obtained by partial genome assembly 46,157 SSRs identified from 11,39,481 contigs 15 SSR markers validated among the 30 barnyard millet accessions [48]
      Genetic diversity in the barnyard millet 51 EST-SSR markers used 14 primers found polymorphic with 29 alleles, and average PIC of 0.43 [49]
      Transcriptomic profiling of Echinochloa frumentacea and barnyard grass
      		 30 EST-SSR primer pairs 10 EST-SSR primers were found polymorphic; revealing putative genes involved in drought adaptation and micronutrient accumulation by [50]
      Inheritance and identification of EST-SSR marker(s) associated with the anthocyanin pigments in barnyard millet 51 EST-SSR markers used Marker BMESSR 39 found associated with the anthocyanin pigment [51]
      Barnyard millet: EST, SNP markers identified 41 EST sequences 22 microsatellite markers and SNPs identified; one potential SNP and one reliable SNP and two haplotypes obtained [35]
      Molecular diversity analysis of 48 Echinochloa frumentacea genotypes 182 RAPD marker loci 170 RAPD marker loci (93.40%) found to be polymorphic [55]

      Table 1. 

      Availability of molecular markers in barnyard millet.