Figures (3)  Tables (6)

    • Figure 1. 

      Bacterial wilt disease rating scale (0 = no symptoms, 1 = only one leaf partially wilted, 2 = two or three leaves wilted, 3 = all leaves except two or three wilted, 4 = all leaves wilted, 5 = dead plant).

    • Figure 2. 

      Wilting incidence among 13 solanum accessions. Error bars represent the standard error of the treatment means.

    • Figure 3. 

      Agarose gel image of the marker SLM 12-2 for the detection of the Bwr-12 gene L = Molecular weight ladder; SP = Space; P = Positive control; Well 1 & 2 = L_020; 3 & 4 = BL1534; 5 & 6 = BL729; 7 & 8 = GG; 9 & 10 = GC; 11 & 12 = GD; 13 & 14 = BL9884; 15 & 16 = Black Beauty; 17 & 18 = CRI 01; 19 & 20 = CRI 02; 21 & 22 = CRI 03; 23 & 24 = CRI 04; 25 & 26 = CRI 06; C = Negative control.

    • No. Code Solanum spp. Biological status Source Country/Region of origin
      1 BL 729 Tomato Breeding line Worldveg Taiwan
      2 BL 9884 Tomato Breeding line Worldveg Taiwan
      3 L_020 Tomato Open pollinated TGRC, UC Davis USA
      4 GC Tomato Open-pollinated TGRC, UC Davis USA
      5 BL 1534 Tomato Breeding line Worldveg Taiwan
      6 GD Tomato Open pollinated TGRC, UC Davis USA
      7 GG Tomato Open pollinated TGRC, UC Davis USA
      8 CRI-06 Garden eggs Breeding line CSIR-CRI Ghana
      9 CRI-04 Garden eggs Breeding line CSIR-CRI Ghana
      10 CRI-03 Garden eggs Breeding line CSIR-CRI Ghana
      11 CRI-02 Garden eggs Breeding line CSIR-CRI Ghana
      12 CRI-01 Garden eggs Breeding line CSIR-CRI Ghana
      13 Black Beauty Garden eggs Open pollinated CSIR-CRI Ghana

      Table 1. 

      List of tomato and garden egg accessions evaluated in the study.

    • DI score (0−1) Reaction
      0.00−0.20 Highly resistant
      0.21−0.30 Resistant
      0.31−0.40 Moderately resistant
      0.41−0.50 Moderately susceptible
      0.51−0.60 Susceptible
      0.61−0.90 Highly susceptible
      0.91−1.00 Extremely susceptible

      Table 2. 

      Scale based on disease index for the classification of solanum germplasm.[2]

    • Trait Primer R-gene Forward primer (5'-3') Reverse primer (3'-5') Annealing temperature (°C) Product size (bp) Ref.
      Resistant genotype Susceptible genotype
      Bacteria wilt resistance SLM12–2 Bwr-12 ATCTCATTCAACGCACACCA AACGGTGGAAACTATTG
      AAAGG      		 55 209 No reference band [12]
      SLM12–10 Bwr-12 ACCGCCCTAGCCATAAAGAC TGCGTCGAAAATAGTTGCAT 242
      SLM6–124 Bwr-6 CATGGGTTAGCAGATGATT
      CAA      		 GCTAGGTTATTGGGCCAGAA 292
      SLM6–118 Bwr-6 TCCCAAAGTGCAATAGG
      ACA      		 CACATAACATGGAGTTCGACAGA 183
      SLM6–119 Bwr-6 GCCTGCCCTACAACAAC
      ATT      		 CGACATCAAACCTATGAC
      TGGA      		 255
      SLM6–136 Bwr-6 CCAGGCCACATAGAACTC
      AAG      		 ACAGGTCTCCATACGGCATC 290
      SLM6–17 Bwr-6 TCCTTCAAATCTCCCA
      TCAA      		 ACGAGCAATTGCAAGG
      AAAA      		 186
      SLM6–94 Bwr-6 CTAAATTTAAATGGACAA
      GTAATAGCC      		 CACGATAGGTTGGTATTTTCTGG 276

      Table 3. 

      Sequences and expected product size of primers used for the study.

    • Accession Mean disease
      severity index (0–1)      		 Host reaction
      CRI-06 0.45 Moderately susceptible
      CRI-03 0.56 Susceptible
      CRI-04 0.37 Moderately resistant
      CRI-02 0.47 Moderately susceptible
      CRI-01 0.52 Susceptible
      Black Beauty 0.61 Susceptible
      p < 0.05 NS

      Table 4. 

      Mean bacterial wilt disease severity among garden egg accessions evaluated.

    • Accession Disease severity index (0–1) Host reaction
      BL 729 0.53ab Susceptible
      BL 9884 0.44b Moderately susceptible
      GG 0.71ab Highly susceptible
      L_020 0.39b Moderately resistant
      GC 0.90a Highly susceptible
      BL 1534 0.70ab Highly susceptible
      GD 0.70ab Highly susceptible
      Means followed by different letters are significantly different.

      Table 5. 

      Bacterial wilt disease severity and host reaction status among tomato accessions evaluated.

    • Genotypes SSR markers Disease reaction
      Bwr-12 Bwr-6
      SLM 12-2 SLM 12-10 SLM 6-136 SLM 6-119 SLM 6-94 SLM 6-118 SLM 6-110 SLM 6-124 SLM 6-17
      L_020 +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ −/− −/− −/− −/− Durable resistance
      BL1534 −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− −/− Partial resistance
      BL729 −/− −/− −/− +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ Partial resistance
      GG +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ −/− +/+ +/+ +/+ −/− Durable resistance
      GC +/+ +/+ +/+ −/− +/+ −/− +/+ +/+ −/− Durable resistance
      GD −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− +/+ Partial resistance
      BL9884 −/− −/− +/+ +/+ −/− +/+ −/− +/+ −/− Partial resistance
      Black Beauty −/− −/− −/− +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ +/+ −/− Partial resistance
      CRI 01 −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− −/− Partial resistance
      CRI 02 −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− −/− Partial resistance
      CRI 03 −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− −/− Partial resistance
      CRI 04 −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− Partial resistance
      CRI 06 −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− −/− +/+ −/− −/− Partial resistance

      Table 6. 

      Scores for bacteria wilt resistant gene(s) in tomato and garden egg genotypes.