Figures (0)  Tables (2)
    • Foodstuffs Mean Aflatoxin concentrations Acceptable level
      of Aflatoxin      		 Ref.
      Maize 864.66 μg·kg−1 20 ppb [32]
      Wheat 1.405 ng·g−1 3.14 μg·kg−1 [33]
      Soybeans 4 μg·kg−1 20 μg·kg−1 [34]
      Tree nuts 15 μg·kg−1 8 or 10 μg·kg−1 [35]
      Copra < 20 ppb 4 μg·kg−1 [36]
      Cottonseed 20 ng·g−1 20 μg·kg−1 [37]
      Groundnuts 61 μg·kg−1 20 mg·kg−1 [33]
      Spices 5 μg·kg−1 30 μg·kg−1 [38]
      Animal feeds 20 ppb 20 ppb [39]
      Animal products 60%−80% 50 and 80 ppm [40]
      Sources: Own data collection and simplification.

      Table 1. 

      The major sources and occurrence of Aflatoxin in different agricultural crops.

    • No. Intervention strategies Elemental description Ref.
      1 Improved agricultural practices Proper agricultural practices like effective drying, storage, and handling of crops can reduce Aflatoxin contamination pre- and post-harvest. [52]
      2 Adoption of Aflatoxin-resistant varieties Research should focus on breeding crops resistant to Aflatoxin-producing fungi to reduce contamination. [53]
      3 Enhanced food safety regulations Enhancing food safety rules and enforcement ensures adherence to Aflatoxin limits, protecting public health and boosting trade. [54]
      4 Education and awareness campaigns Raising awareness about Aflatoxin risks and prevention among all stakeholders is crucial for adopting best practices. [55]
      5 Investment in infrastructure Investing in detection and monitoring infrastructure and technology can reduce Aflatoxin contamination risks in the food supply chain. [56]

      Table 2. 

      Some of the intervention strategies of Aflatoxin contamination.