Figures (3)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      bZIPs respond to drought stress and salt stress. Abbreviations: PPO, polyphenol oxidase; POD, peroxidase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; ERS, endoplasmic reticulum stress; PYR, pyrabactin resistance; PYL, PYR1-like; RCAR, regulatory component of ABA receptor; PP2C, protein phosphatase 2C; SnRK2, SNF1-related protein kinase 2; ABF, ABRE-binding factors; AREB, ABRE-binding proteins; JA, jasmonic acid.

    • Figure 2. 

      bZIPs responding to low-temperature stress.

    • Figure 3. 

      The role of bZIP TFs in plant metabolism.

    • Stress type Key bZIP members Species Subgroup Mechanistic role
      Abiotic stress Drought AtbZIP62, VvABF2, FtbZIP83, AhAREB1, ThbZIP1, GhABF2, FtbZIP83, FtbZIP5, OsbZIP23, VlbZIP30 Arabidopsis thaliana, Vitis vinifera, Gossypium hirsutum, Fagopyrum tataricum A ABA-SnRK2-AREB pathway activation; ROS scavenging; osmolyte accumulation
      Salinity OsbZIP23, OsbZIP71, SlAREB, ThbZIP1, CabZIP25 Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, Tamarix hispida, Capsicum annuum A/K ABA-responsive regulation; Na+/H+ homeostasis; activation of antioxidant enzymes
      Low temperature LIP19, OsOBF1, RsLIP19,
      GmbZIP44, CsbZIP18      		 Oryza sativa, Raphanus sativus, Glycine max, Cucumis sativus S1 Cold-inducible transcription; heterodimerization (LIP19-OBF1); ROS scavenging; proline biosynthesis
      Heat AtbZIP60, OsbZIP74,
      BhbZIP60, TabZIP74      		 Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Boea hygrometrica, Triticum aestivum K ER stress-induced splicing; activation of UPR genes; protein folding; ROS homeostasis
      Heavy metal AtbZIP19, AtbZIP23,
      OsbZIP48, ThbZIP2      		 Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Tamarix hispida F / A Regulation of zinc homeostasis and metal chelation; activation of antioxidant and phytochelatin genes to alleviate metal-induced oxidative stress
      Biotic stress Pathogen defense TGA2/5/6, OsbZIP1, TabZIP74 Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum D SA-dependent systemic acquired resistance (SAR); NPR1 interaction; PR gene activation
      Herbivory defense AtbZIP10, AtbZIP11, TGA2/5/6 Arabidopsis thaliana D/S Integration of JA/ET signaling; modulation of ROS balance; regulation of phenylpropanoid; amino acid metabolism

      Table 1. 

      Roles of bZIP transcription factors in abiotic stress and biotic stress responses across species.