[1]

Are KS. 2019. Biochar and soil physical health. In Biochar - An Imperative Amendment for Soil and the Environment, eds. Abrol V, Sharma P. London, United Kingdom: Intechopen. pp. 21–33. doi: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83706

[2]

Asio VB, Jahn R, Perez FO, Navarrete IA, Abit SM Jr. 2009. A review of soil degradation in the Philippines. Annals of Tropical Research 31(2):69−94

doi: 10.32945/atr3124.2009
[3]

Tejada M, Garcia C, Gonzalez JL, Hernandez MT. 2006. Use of organic amendment as a strategy for saline soil remediation: influence on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38(6):1413−21

doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.017
[4]

Bitew Y, Alemayehu M. 2017. Impact of crop production inputs on soil health: a review. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 16(3):109−31

doi: 10.3923/ajps.2017.109.131
[5]

Ross SM. 1993. Organic matter in tropical soils: current conditions, concerns and prospects for conservation. Progress in Physical Geography 17(3):265−305

doi: 10.1177/030913339301700301
[6]

Guo M, He Z, Uchimiya SM. 2016. Introduction to biochar as an agricultural and environmental amendment. In Agricultural and environmental applications of biochar: Advances and barriers, eds. Guo M, He Z. vol. 63. Uchimiya, Madison, USA: SSSA Special Publication. pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub63.2014.0034

[7]

Renner R. 2007. Rethinking biochar. Environmental science & Technology 41:5932−33

doi: 10.1021/es0726097
[8]

UK Biochar Research Centre. 2020. What is Biochar? www.biochar.ac.uk/what_is_biochar.php.

[9]

Cole E, Herbert S, Hashemi M, Xing B. 2015. Enhancing Soil Health with Hardwood Biochar. https://ag.umass.edu/sites/ag.umass.edu/files/research-reports/Enhancing%20Soil%20Health%20with%20Hardwood%20Biochar.pdf

[10]

Jeffery S, Abalos D, Prodana M, Bastos AC, van Groenigen JW, et al. 2017. Biochar boosts tropical but not temperate crop yields. Environmental Research Letters 12(5):053001

doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa67bd
[11]

Alkharabsheh HM, Seleiman MF, Battaglia ML, Shami A, Jalal RS, et al. 2021. Biochar and its broad impacts in soil quality and fertility, nutrient leaching and crop productivity: A review. Agronomy 11(5):993

doi: 10.3390/agronomy11050993
[12]

Verheijen F, Jeffery S, Bastos AC, Van der Velde M, Diafas I. 2010. Biochar application to soils - A critical scientific review of effects on soil properties, processes, and functions. Technical Report. EUR 24099(162). pp. 2183–207. https://doi.org/10.2788/472

[13]

Biederman LA, Harpole WS. 2013. Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: A meta-analysis. GCB Bioenergy 5(2):202−14

doi: 10.1111/gcbb.12037
[14]

Obia A, Cornelissen G, Mulder J, Dörsch P. 2015. Effect of soil pH increase by biochar on NO, N2O and N2 production during denitrification in acid soils. PLoS One 10(9):e0138781

doi: 10.5061/dryad.m8q78
[15]

Quilliam RS, Marsden KA, Gertler C, Rousk J, DeLuca TH, et al. 2012. Nutrient dynamics, microbial growth and weed emergence in biochar amended soil are influenced by time since application and reapplication rate. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 158:192−99

doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.011
[16]

Varela Milla O, Rivera EB, Huang WJ, Chien CC, Wang YM. 2013. Agronomic properties and characterization of rice husk and wood biochars and their effect on the growth of water spinach in a field test. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 13(2):251−66

doi: 10.4067/S0718-95162013005000022
[17]

Wang T, Camps-Arbestain M, Hedley M, Bishop P. 2012. Predicting phosphorus bioavailability from high-ash biochars. Plant and Soil, 357(1):173−87

doi: 10.1007/s11104-012-1131-9
[18]

Tomczyk A, Sokołowska Z, Boguta P. 2020. Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 19(1):191−215

doi: 10.1007/s11157-020-09523-3
[19]

Adekiya AO, Agbede TM, Olayanju A, Ejue WS, Adekanye TA, et al. 2020. Effect of biochar on soil properties, soil loss, and cocoyam yield on a tropical sandy loam Alfisol. The Scientific World Journal 2020:9391630

doi: 10.1155/2020/9391630
[20]

Shi W, Ju Y, Bian R, Li L, Joseph S, et al. 2020. Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching. Science of the Total Environment 701:134424

doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134424
[21]

Gamage DNV, Mapa RB, Dharmakeerthi RS, Biswas A. 2016. Effect of rice-husk biochar on selected soil properties in tropical Alfisols. Soil Research 54(3):302−10

doi: 10.1071/SR15102
[22]

Blanco-Canqui H. 2017. Biochar and soil physical properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal 81(4):687−711

doi: 10.2136/sssaj2017.01.0017
[23]

Mukherjee A, Lal R. 2013. Biochar impacts on soil physical properties and greenhouse gas emissions. Agronomy 3:313−39

doi: 10.3390/agronomy3020313
[24]

Burrell LD, Zehetner F, Rampazzo N, Wimmer B, Soja G. 2016. Long-term effects of biochar on soil physical properties. Geoderma 282(2016):96−102

doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.07.019
[25]

Aslam Z, Khalid M, Aon M. 2017. Impact of biochar on soil physical properties impact of biochar on soil physical properties. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science 4(5):280−84

[26]

Lema B, Mesfin S, Kebede F, Abraha Z, Fitiwy I, et al. 2019. Evaluation of soil physical properties of long-used cultivated lands as a deriving indicator of soil degradation, north Ethiopia. Physical Geography 40(4):323−38

doi: 10.1080/02723646.2019.1568148
[27]

Chang Y, Rossi L, Zotarelli L, Gao B, Shahid MA, et al. 2021. Biochar improves soil physical characteristics and strengthens root architecture in Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia L.). Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture 8:7

doi: 10.1186/s40538-020-00204-5
[28]

Ennis CJ, Evans AG, Islam M, Ralebitso-Senior TK, Senior E. 2012. Biochar: carbon sequestration, land remediation, and impacts on soil microbiology. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 42(22):2311−64

doi: 10.1080/10643389.2011.574115
[29]

Asadi H, Ghorbani M, Rezaei-Rashti M, Abrishamkesh S, Amirahmadi E, et al. 2021. Application of rice husk biochar for achieving sustainable agriculture and environment. Rice Science 28(4):325−43

doi: 10.1016/j.rsci.2021.05.004
[30]

Warnock DD, Lehmann J, Kuyper TW, Rillig MC. 2007. Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil – concepts and mechanisms. Plant and Soil 300:9−20

doi: 10.1007/s11104-007-9391-5
[31]

Shakoor A, Shahzad SM, Chatterjee N, Arif MS, Farooq TH, et al. 2021. Nitrous oxide emission from agricultural soils: Application of animal manure or biochar? A global meta-analysis Journal of Environmental Management 285:112170

doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112170
[32]

Sorrenti G. 2015. Biochar in perennial crops: nutritional, agronomical and environmental implications. Thesis. University of Bologna, Italy. pp: 1–291. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/7129

[33]

Safaei Khorram M, Zhang G, Fatemi A, Kiefer R, Maddah K, et al. 2019. Impact of biochar and compost amendment on soil quality, growth and yield of a replanted apple orchard in a 4-year field study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99(4):1862−69

doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9380
[34]

Abo-Ogiala A. 2018. Impact of biochar on vegetative parameters, leaf mineral content, yield and fruit quality of Grande Naine Banana in saline-sodic soil. Egyptian Journal of Horticulture 45:315−30

doi: 10.21608/ejoh.2018.4754.1074
[35]

Gondim R, Maia A, Taniguchi C, Muniz C, Araujo TA. et al. 2022. Beneficial effect of biochar on irrigated dwarf-green coconut tree. Atmosphere 13(1):51

doi: 10.3390/atmos13010051