Search
  • All Journals
Advanced Search
Search articles by Title, Author, Keywords, DOI
7.7CiteScore
2.0Impact Factor
Advanced Search
MAP  >  The Knowledge Engineering Review
1994 Volume 9
Article Contents
Next Previous
RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information

More Information
  • Abstract: Regulatory information has a direct and significant effect on the safety, economics and quality of many industries' operations and end-products. However, standards documents are often voluminous and can be complex. Users of such standards need to invest considerable time and effort to become familiar with the structure and content of the documents. Therefore, it has long been recognized that computer handling of this information is a potentially useful application area. This paper provides an overview of the work that has been done to provide computer systems that will help both users and authors of regulations. The emphasis is on using advanced symbolic computing techniques that would help in accessing, interpreting and applying the information.
  • 加载中
  • Ashrae , 1989. ASHRAEIIES Standard 90.1–1989 Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning.

    Google Scholar

    Bourdeau M, 1991. “The CD-REEF: The French Building Technical Rule on CD-ROM”. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Computers and Building Regulations. VTT Symposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Brown DC and Chandrasekaran B, 1989. Design Problem Solving, Knowledge Structures and Control Strategies. Pitman.

    Google Scholar

    Brownston L, Farell R, Kant E and Martin N, 1985. Programming Expert Systems in OPS5. Addison Wesley.

    Google Scholar

    Casson A, 1993. PLINTH: Integrating Hypertext, Semantic Nets and Rule-Based Systems in an Expertext Sheilfor Authors and Readers of Regulatory Documents. AIAI-TR-142, Artificial Intelligent Applications Institute, University of Edinburgh, 09.

    Google Scholar

    Casson A and Stone D, 1992. “An expertext system for building standards”. In: Computers and Building Standards Workshop. Montreal, Canada, 05 12.

    Google Scholar

    Clark K, 1978. “Negation as failure”. In: Gallaire H and Minkes J (eds.), Logic and Data Bases. Plenum.

    Google Scholar

    Clocksin W and Mellish C, 1984. Programming in Prolog (2nd Edition). Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar

    Conklin J and Begeman M, 1988. “gIBIS: A hypertext tool for exploratory policy discussion”. ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems6(4) 303–331.

    Google Scholar

    Conklin J, 1989. “Hypertext: An introduction and survey”. IEEE Computer20(9) 17–41.

    Google Scholar

    Crawley DB and Boulin JJ, 1991. “ENVSTD: A computer program for complying with building envelope requirements”. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Computers and Building Regulations. VTT Symposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Cronembold JR and Law KH, 1988. “Automated processing of design standards”. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering2(3) 255–273.

    Google Scholar

    Delis EA and Delis A, 1992. “An expert system for fire-code checking: Design, implementation and geometric algorithms”. International Journal of Artificial intelligence1(4) 597–627.

    Google Scholar

    Diaper D and Beer M, 1990. “Headed record expertext and document applications”. In: Proceedings of Hypertext Update, pp. 62–69. Unicom Seminars Ltd.

    Google Scholar

    Diaper D and Rada R, 1989. “Expertext: Hyperising expert systems and expertising hypertext”. In: Proceedings of Hypermedia/Hypertext and Object Orientated Databases, pp. 124–152. Unicorn Seminars Ltd.

    Google Scholar

    Dym CL, Henchey RP, Delis EA and Gornick S, 1988. “A knowledge-based system for automated architectural code checking”. Computer Aided Design20(3) 137–145.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ, 1966. “Tabular decision logic for structural design”. Journal of Structural Engineering92(6) 473–490.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ and Garrett JHJr, 1986. “Knowledge based standards processing”. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering1(1) 3–14.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ, Gaylord EH and Goel SK, 1969. Decision Table Formulation of the 1969 AISC Specification. Civil Engineering Studies SRS 347, University of Illinois, 08.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ, 1973. “Representation of the computer-aided design process by a network of decision tables”. Comput. Struct. 3(3) 1099–1107.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ and Wright RN, 1977. The Representation and Use of Design Specifications. Technical Note 940, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar

    Fenves SJ, Wright R, Stahl F and Reed K, 1987. Introduction to SASE: Standards Analysis, Synthesis, and Expression. NBSIR 87–3513, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar

    Gardner A, 1987. An Artificial intelligence Approach to Legal Reasoning. MIT Press.

    Google Scholar

    Garrett JHJr and Hakim MM, 1992. “Object-oriented model of engineering design standards”. Journal of Civil Engineering4(3) 323–347.

    Google Scholar

    Garzotto F and Paolini P, 1989. “Expert dictionaries: Knowledge-based tools for explanation and maintenance of complex application environments”. In: Proceedings Second International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Al and Expert Systems 1EA/AIE-89, pp. 126–134. ACM Press.

    Google Scholar

    Goel SK and Fenves SJ, 1969. Computer-Aided Processing of Structural Design Specifications. Civil Engineering Studies SRS 348, University of Illinois, 11.

    Google Scholar

    Graham I, 1991. Object Oriented Methods. Addison Wesley.

    Google Scholar

    Hakim MM and Garret JHJr, 1992. “Issues in modeling and processing design standards”. In: Computers and Building Standards Workshop. Montreal, Canada, 05 12.

    Google Scholar

    Harris JR and Wright RN, 1980. Organisation of Building Standards: Systematic techniques for Scope and Arrangement. Building Science Series NBS BSS 136, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar

    Jain D, Law KH and Krawinkler H, 1989. “On processing standards with predicate calculus”. Will K (ed), Proceedings of 6th Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering. ASCE, New York.

    Google Scholar

    Kunz W and Rittel HWJ, 1970. issue as Elements of Information Systems. Working Paper 131, Centre for Planning and Development Research, University of California.

    Google Scholar

    Lopez LA and Elam SL, 1984. S1CAD: A Prototype Knowledge Based System for Conformance Checking and Design. Technical Report, University of Illinois.

    Google Scholar

    MacKellar BK and Ozel K, 1991. Artificial Intelligence in Design '91, Gero J (ed). ButterworthHeinemann.

    Google Scholar

    McCormick N and Bankowski Z, 1989. “Some principles of statutory interpretation”. In: Dunne J van (ed.), Legal Reasoning and Statutory Interpretation, pp 41–53. Gouda Quint BV Arnhem.

    Google Scholar

    Mann WC, Mathiesson CMIM and Thomson SA, 1989. Rhetorical Structure Theory and Text Analysis. Isi/ rr-89–242, Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California.

    Google Scholar

    Mann WC and Thompson SA, 1987. Rhetorical Structure Theory: A Framework for the analysis of Texts. Isi/rs-87–1 85, Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California.

    Google Scholar

    Metzner JR and Barnes BH, 1977. Decision Table Languages and Systems. Academic Press.

    Google Scholar

    Rada R and Barlow J, 1989. “Expertext: Expert Systems and Hypertext. In: Proceedings of EXSYS'89 conference, IITT-International, Paris.

    Google Scholar

    Rasdorf WJ and Lakmazaheri S, 1990. “Logic-based approach for modeling organization of design standards”. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering4(2) 102–123.

    Google Scholar

    Rasdorf WJ and Wang TE, 1988. “Generic design standards processing in an expert system environment”. ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering2(1) 68–87.

    Google Scholar

    Reed KA, 1991, “Building regulations and standards in the computer age. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Computers and Building Regulations. VTTSymposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Rosenman MA and Gero JS, 1985. “Design codes as expert systems”. Computer-Aided Design17(9).

    Google Scholar

    Sergot M, 1991. “The representation of law in computer programs”. In: Capon T Bench (ed.), Knowledge-Based Systems and Legal Applications. Academic Press.

    Google Scholar

    Sergot MJ, Sadri F, Kowalski RA, Kriwaczek F, Hammond P and Cory HT, 1986. “The British nationality act as a logic program”, Communications of the ACM29(5) 05.

    Google Scholar

    Sriram D, Mahar ML and Fenves SJ, 1984. “Knowledge-based expert systems in structural design. In: Advances and Trends in Structures and Dynamics. NASA, 10.

    Google Scholar

    Stahl FI, Wright RN, Fenves SJ and Harris JR, 1983. “Expressing standards for computer-aided building design”. Journal of Computer Aided Design15(6) 329–334.

    Google Scholar

    Stone D and Wilcox DA, 1986a. “Knowledge structures and domain specific shells for building regulations”. In: Proceedings of ESCAD'86 Workshop. Reading, UK, 07.

    Google Scholar

    Stone D and Wilcox DA, 1986b. “Formulation of building regulations using interactive logic programs”. In: CIB'86, Proceedings of the 10th Triennial Congress of the International Council for Building Research, Studies and Documentation, Washington, DC, 09, Vol 2.

    Google Scholar

    Stone D and Wilcox DA, 1987. “Intelligent systems for the formulation of building regulations”. In: Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Building Construction, Haifa, Israel, 06.

    Google Scholar

    Stone D and Wilcox DA, 1988. “Intelligent information systems for building standards”. In: Proceedings of EuropIA 88, Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Building, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Paris, France.

    Google Scholar

    Stone D and Tweed C, 1991. “Representation issues in the design of an intelligent information system for building standards”. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Building Design in Computers and Building Regulations. VTT Symposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Susskind R, 1987. Expert Systems in Law, Part 2–3. Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar

    Topping B and Kumar K, 1989. “Knowledge representation and processing for structural engineering design codes”. Engineering Applications of AI2, 09.

    Google Scholar

    Tuominen P, 1991. “Fire Expert—An expert system for fire safety regulations”. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Building Design in Computers and Building Regulations. VTT Symposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Vanier D, 1991. “A parsimonious classification system to extract project-specific building codes”. In: Kahkonen K and Bjork B (eds.), Computers and Building Regulations. VTT Symposium 125, Technical Research Centre of Finland.

    Google Scholar

    Welland R, 1981. Decision Tables and Computer Programming. Heydon & Son Ltd.

    Google Scholar

    Yang S, Robertson D and Lee J, 1993. “KICS: A Knowledge-Intensive Case-based easoning System for statutory building regulations and case histories”. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, Amsterdam, 06.

    Google Scholar

  • Cite this article

    Paul Wai Hing Chung, David Stone. 1994. Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 9: doi: 10.1017/S0269888900006779
    Paul Wai Hing Chung, David Stone. 1994. Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 9: doi: 10.1017/S0269888900006779
    shu
Download PDF

Article Metrics

Article views(14) PDF downloads(58)

Other Articles By Authors

RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information

  • Published online: 07 July 2009
The Knowledge Engineering Review  9,  Article number: 10.1017/S0269888900006779  (1994)  |  Cite this article

Abstract: Abstract: Regulatory information has a direct and significant effect on the safety, economics and quality of many industries' operations and end-products. However, standards documents are often voluminous and can be complex. Users of such standards need to invest considerable time and effort to become familiar with the structure and content of the documents. Therefore, it has long been recognized that computer handling of this information is a potentially useful application area. This paper provides an overview of the work that has been done to provide computer systems that will help both users and authors of regulations. The emphasis is on using advanced symbolic computing techniques that would help in accessing, interpreting and applying the information.

    HTML

    Rights and permissions
    • Copyright © Cambridge University Press 19941994Cambridge University Press
References (57)
  • About this article
    Cite this article
    Paul Wai Hing Chung, David Stone. 1994. Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 9: doi: 10.1017/S0269888900006779
    Paul Wai Hing Chung, David Stone. 1994. Approaches to representing and reasoning with technical regulatory information. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 9: doi: 10.1017/S0269888900006779
    shu

    • Catalog

      /

      DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
      Return
      Return