Search
2014 Volume 29
Article Contents
RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design

More Information
  • Abstract: System adaptivity is increasingly demanded in high-performance embedded systems, particularly in multimedia system-on-chip (SoC), owing to growing quality-of-service requirements. This paper presents a reactive control model that has been introduced in Gaspard, our framework dedicated to SoC hardware/software co-design. This model aims at expressing adaptivity as well as reconfigurability in systems performing data-intensive computations. It is generic enough to be used for description in the different parts of an embedded system, for example, specification of how different data-intensive algorithms can be chosen according to some computation modes at the functional level; and expression of how hardware components can be selected via the usage of a library of intellectual properties according to execution performances. The transformation of this model toward synchronous languages is also presented, in order to allow an automatic code generation usable for formal verification, based on techniques such as model checking and controller synthesis, as illustrated in the paper. This work, based on Model-Driven Engineering and the standard UML MARTE profile, has been implemented in Gaspard.
  • 加载中
  • Allen E., Chase D., Hallett J., Luchangco V., Maessn J.-W., Ryu S., Steele G. L.Jr. & Tobin-Hochstadt S.2007. The Fortress language specification version 1.0 beta. Technical report. SunMicrosystems, Inc., March.

    Google Scholar

    Andre C.2004. Computing SyncCharts reactions. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science88, 3–19.

    Google Scholar

    Benveniste A., Caspi P., Edwards S. A., Halbwachs N., Guernic P. L. & Simone R. D.2003. The synchronous languages twelve years later. Proceedings of the IEEE91(1):64–83.

    Google Scholar

    Boulet P.2007. Array-OL revisited, multidimensional intensive signal processing specification. Research Report RR-6113, INRIA, February. http://hal.inria.fr/inria-00128840/en/

    Google Scholar

    Boulet P.2008. Formal semantics of Array-OL, a domain specific language for intensive multidimensional signal processing. Research Report RR-6467, INRIA, March.

    Google Scholar

    Callahan D., Chamberlain B. L. & Zima H. P.2004. The cascade high productivity language. In 9th International Workshop on High-Level Parallel Programming Models and Supportive Environments. IEEE Computer Society, April, 52–60.

    Google Scholar

    Charles P., Grothoff C., Saraswat V., Donawa C., Kielstra A., Ebcioglu K., von Praun C. & Sarkar V.2005. X10: an object-oriented approach to nonuniform cluster computing. In 20th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications. ACM Press, 519–538.

    Google Scholar

    Chen K., Sztipanovits J., Abdelwahed S. & Jackson E. K.2005. Semantic anchoring with model transformations. In European Conference on Model Driven Architecture Foundations and Applications (ECMDA–FA’05), 115–129.

    Google Scholar

    Combemale B., Rougemaille S., Crégut X., Migeon F., Pantel M., Maurel C. & Coulette B.2006. Towards rigorous metamodeling. In MDEIS, 5–14.

    Google Scholar

    Esterel Technologies2009. SCADE. http://www.esterel-technologies.com

    Google Scholar

    Gamatié A., Beux S. L., Piel É., Atitallah R. B., Etien A., Marquet P. & Dekeyser J.-L.2010. A model driven design framework for massively parallel embedded systems. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) (to appear).

    Google Scholar

    Gamatié A., Rutten É. & Yu H.2008a. A model for the mixed-design of data-intensive and control-oriented embedded systems. Research Report RR-6589, INRIA, July. http://hal.inria.fr/inria-00293909/fr

    Google Scholar

    Gamatié A., Rutten É., Yu H., Boulet P. & Dekeyser J.-L.2008b. Synchronous modeling and analysis of data intensive applications. EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems. http://dx.doi. org/10.1155/2008/561863

    Google Scholar

    Gamatié A., Yu H., Delaval G. & Rutten E.2009. A case study on controller synthesis for data-intensive embedded systems. In Second International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems (ICESS09), ISBN: 978-0-7695-3678-1, IEEE Computer Society, 75–82.

    Google Scholar

    Girault A., Lee B. & Lee E.1999. Hierarchical finite state machines with multiple concurrency models. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems18(6):742–760.

    Google Scholar

    Halbwachs N., Caspi P., Raymond P. & Pilaud D.1991. The synchronous dataflow programming language Lustre. Proceedings of the IEEE79(9):1305–1320.

    Google Scholar

    Harel D.1987. Statecharts: a visual formalism for complex systems. Science of Computer Programming8(3):231–274.

    Google Scholar

    High Performance Fortran Forum1997. High Performance Fortran language specification, January. http://hpff. rice.edu/versions/hpf2/index.htm

    Google Scholar

    INRIA DaRT Team2009. Gaspard SoC framework. http://www.gaspard2.org/

    Google Scholar

    Labbani O., Dekeyser J.-L., Boulet P. & Rutten É.2005. Introducing control in the Gaspard2 data-parallel MetaModel: synchronous approach. In Proceedings of the International Workshop MARTES.

    Google Scholar

    Maraninchi F. & Rémond Y.2003. Mode-automata: a new domain-specific construct for the development of safe critical systems. Science of Computer Programming46(3):219–254.

    Google Scholar

    Marchand H., Bournai P., Borgne M. L. & Guernic P. L.2000. Synthesis of discrete-event controllers based on the signal environment. Discrete Event Dynamic System: Theory and Applications10(4):325–346.

    Google Scholar

    Mohagheghi P. & Dehlen V.2008. Where is the proof? A review of experiences from applying MDE in industry. In Fourth European Conference on Model Driven Architecture Foundations and Applications (ECMDA-FA), Schieferdecker, I. & Hartman, A. (eds), LNCS 5095432–443. Springer.

    Google Scholar

    MPI Forum2007. Message Passing Interface forum. http://www.mpi-forum.org/docs/docs.html

    Google Scholar

    Object Management Group2005. MOF query/views/transformations, November. http://www.omg.org/spec/QVT/

    Google Scholar

    Object Management Group2007a. Portal of the Model Driven Engineering community. http://www.planetmde.org

    Google Scholar

    Object Management Group2007b. OMG unified modeling language (OMG UML), superstructure, V2.1.2, November. http://www.omg.org/spec/UML/2.1.2/Superstructure/PDF/

    Google Scholar

    Object Management Group2008. Modeling and analysis of real-time and embedded systems (MARTE). http://www.omgmarte.org/

    Google Scholar

    OpenMP API2008. OpenMP 3.0 specifications. http://www.openmp.org/mp-documents/spec30.pdf

    Google Scholar

    Quadri I., Yu H., Gamatié A., Rutten E., Meftali S. & Dekeyser J.-L.2010. Targeting reconfigurable FPGA based SoCs using the MARTE UML profile: from high abstraction levels to code generation. International Journal of Embedded Systems (IJES), Special Issue on Reconfigurable and Multicore Embedded Systems (to appear).

    Google Scholar

    Sangiovanni-Vincentelli A.2007. Quo Vadis SLD: reasoning about trends and challenges of system-level design. Proceedings of the IEEE, 95(3), 467–506. http://chess.eecs. berkeley.edu/pubs/263.html

    Google Scholar

    Semiconductor Industry Association2004. International technology roadmap for semiconductors update (design). http://www.itrs.net

    Google Scholar

    Talpin J.-P., Brunette C., Gautier T. & Gamatié A.2006. Polychronous mode automata. In EMSOFT ’06: Proceedings of the 6th ACM & IEEE International Conference on Embedded Software. ISBN: 1-59593-542-883–92. ACM.

    Google Scholar

    The MathWorks2009. Simulink. http://www.mathworks.com/products/simulink

    Google Scholar

    Thies W., Karczmarek M. & Amarasinghe S.2002. Streamit: a language for streaming applications. In Compiler Construction. 11th International Conference, CC 2002, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2002, April, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2304/2002, 49–84. Springer.

    Google Scholar

    UML tool list2009. Unified modeling language (UML) tools. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_UML_tools

    Google Scholar

    Wilde D. K.1994. The ALPHA language. Technical Report 827, IRISA.

    Google Scholar

    Yu H.2008. A MARTE-Based Reactive Model for Data-Parallel Intensive Processing: Transformation Toward the Synchronous Model. PhD thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille.

    Google Scholar

    Yu H., Gamatié A., Rutten E. & Dekeyser J.-L.2008a. Safe design of high-performance embedded systems in a MDE framework. Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering (ISSE)4(3):215–222.

    Google Scholar

    Yu H., Gamatié A., Rutten E. & Dekeyser J.-L.2008b. Model transformations from a data parallel formalism towards synchronous languages. In Embedded Systems Specification and Design Languages, Selected Contributions from FDL’07, chapter 13, ISBN: 978-1-4020-8296-2, Lecture Notes Electrical Engineering, 10. Springer Verlag.

    Google Scholar

  • Cite this article

    Huafeng Yu, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Éric Rutten, Jean-Luc Dekeyser. 2014. Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design. The Knowledge Engineering Review 29(4)433−451, doi: 10.1017/S0269888914000150
    Huafeng Yu, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Éric Rutten, Jean-Luc Dekeyser. 2014. Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design. The Knowledge Engineering Review 29(4)433−451, doi: 10.1017/S0269888914000150

Article Metrics

Article views(23) PDF downloads(30)

RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design

The Knowledge Engineering Review  29 2014, 29(4): 433−451  |  Cite this article

Abstract: Abstract: System adaptivity is increasingly demanded in high-performance embedded systems, particularly in multimedia system-on-chip (SoC), owing to growing quality-of-service requirements. This paper presents a reactive control model that has been introduced in Gaspard, our framework dedicated to SoC hardware/software co-design. This model aims at expressing adaptivity as well as reconfigurability in systems performing data-intensive computations. It is generic enough to be used for description in the different parts of an embedded system, for example, specification of how different data-intensive algorithms can be chosen according to some computation modes at the functional level; and expression of how hardware components can be selected via the usage of a library of intellectual properties according to execution performances. The transformation of this model toward synchronous languages is also presented, in order to allow an automatic code generation usable for formal verification, based on techniques such as model checking and controller synthesis, as illustrated in the paper. This work, based on Model-Driven Engineering and the standard UML MARTE profile, has been implemented in Gaspard.

    • The authors acknowledge all the reviewers and editors of this paper for their valuable advices and comments.

    • www.papyrusuml.org/

    • www.eclipse.org/emf/

    • © Cambridge University Press 2014 2014Cambridge University Press
References (40)
  • About this article
    Cite this article
    Huafeng Yu, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Éric Rutten, Jean-Luc Dekeyser. 2014. Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design. The Knowledge Engineering Review 29(4)433−451, doi: 10.1017/S0269888914000150
    Huafeng Yu, Abdoulaye Gamatié, Éric Rutten, Jean-Luc Dekeyser. 2014. Adaptivity in high-performance embedded systems: a reactive control model for reliable and flexible design. The Knowledge Engineering Review 29(4)433−451, doi: 10.1017/S0269888914000150
  • Catalog

      /

      DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
      Return
      Return