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Figure 1.
Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the new species and related species in genus Cyathus based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value > 70%, parsimony bootstrap value > 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities > 0.95, respectively. The present species are in bold.
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Figure 2.
Basidiomata of Cyathus wenshanensis. (a) Basidiomata, (b) outer corving of peridium. Scale bars: (a) = 1 cm, (b) = 1 mm.
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Figure 3.
Peridiole of Cyathus wenshanensis. (a) Peridioles with funicular cord, (b) transversal section of peridiole showing single-layered cortex. Scale bars: (a) = 1 mm, (b) = 1 mm.
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Figure 4.
Microscopic structures of Cyathus wenshanensis. (a) Outer wall of peridium, (b) inner wall of peridium, (c) three-layered peridium, (d) the structure of the hair. Scale bars: (a)–(d) = 10 μm.
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Figure 5.
Microscopic structures of Cyathus wenshanensis. (a) Basidiospores. (b) Funicular cord. (c) The internal structure of peridiole. Scale bars: (a)–(c) = 10 μm.
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Species name Sample no. GenBank
accession no.References Crucibulum laeve SWFC 21261 DQ463357 Zhao et al.[18] Cyathus africanus DAOM 200370[T] DQ463347 Zhao et al.[18] C. albinus UFRN-Fungos 2239 KY176371 Accioly et al.[25] C. amazonicus URM 80036[T] KY495280 Accioly et al.[25] C. amazonicus UFRN-Fungos 2798 KY176375 Accioly et al.[25] C. annulatus MichaelKuo-8200901 MT444076 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. apiculatus UFRN:Fungos 1448 KT365516 da Silva et al.[20] C. aurantogriseocarpus UFRN:Fungos:2798 KX966026 da Cruz et al.[26] C. badius KH:JPN15-1321 KX906250 da Cruz et al.[27] C. batistae UFRN:Fungos 1449 KT365515 daSilva et al.[20] C. berkeleyanus SWFC 20789 DQ463355 Zhao et al.[18] C. bulleri DAOMC 195062 MK020156 Vats & Mishra[28] C. canna CBS 370.80 MH861275 Vu et al.[29] C. colensoi DAOM 200423 DQ463344 Zhao et al.[18] C. crassimurus DAOM 200372[T] DQ463350 Zhao et al.[18] C. discoideus AB 7831 KY652080 da Cruz[30] C. gansuensis SWFC 20880[T] DQ463348 Zhao et al.[18] C. gansuensis Strain 69 KC869661 da Cruz et al.[27] C. gracilis AB7873 KY652081 da Cruz[30] C. hookeri SWFC 20799 DQ463346 Zhao et al.[18] C. hortensis UFRN:Fungos:1819 KX906252 da Cruz et al.[27] C. ibericus AH:48138 KX858598 Crous et al.[31] C. ibericus AH:48137[T] KX858597 Crous et al.[31] C. intermedius UFRN:Fungos 1033 KT365519 da Silva et al.[20] C. jiayuguanensis SWFC 20846[T] DQ463341 Zhao et al.[18] C. lignilantanae MA Fungi 87327 NR_154827 da Cruz et al.[27] C. limbatus UFRN-Fungos 2238 KY176373 Accioly et al.[25] C. magnomuralis UFRN:Fungos:1817 KX906251 da Cruz et al.[27] C. minimus AB7868 KY652082 da Cruz[30] C. novae-zeelandiae PDD-76442 MT444096 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. olla PDD-86833 MT444086 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. olla BPI 727227 DQ463345 Zhao et al.[18] C. pallidus KKUITN2 KU202745 Sutthisa & Sanoamuang[32] C. pallidus KKUITN3 KU202751 Sutthisa & Sanoamuang[32] C. parvocinereus UFRN:Fungos:1814 KX906253 da Cruz et al.[27] C. pedunculatus UFRN:Fungos 403 KT365518 da Silva et al.[20] C. poeppigii cp-457 KT962176 da Silva et al.[20] C. pyristriatus MFLUCC:14-0770 KU865513 Richter et al.[33] C. renweii SWFC 201406[T] DQ463352 Zhao et al.[18] C. setosus DAOM 200815[T] DQ463349 Zhao et al.[18] C. stercoreus NK-08 MT444037 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. stercoreus DM4 KY706156 Hay et al.[34] C. striatus NK-61 MT444056 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. subglobisporus BBH-14815 MT444063 Kraisitudomsook et al.[21] C. subglobisporu BBH18348 EF613553 Zhao et al.[5] C. triplex SWFC 21077 DQ463353 Zhao et al.[18] C. uniperidiolus AMH:10196 MN398297 Boonmee et al.[35] C. wenshanensis CLZhao 20202[T] ON795104 This study Nidula niveotomentosa SWFC 3000 DQ463358 Zhao et al.[18] Table 1.
List of species, specimens, and GenBank accession numbers of ITS sequences used in this study.
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C. wenshanensis C. albinus C. amazonicus C. badius C. parvocinereus C. pyristriatus C. uniperidiolus Basidiomata Size (high
× wide)5–15 × 5–10 mm 6–8.5 × 5–6.52 mm 9–11 × 5–7 mm 8–10 × 5–8 mm 4–7 × 3.5–5 mm 5.5–7 × 4–6 mm 2–12 × 2–3.5 mm Shape Obconical to
cupulateInfundibuliform Obconical Infundibuliform Campanulate Clavate to broadly obconic Globose to sub-globose Exoperidium Colour Brown Golden blond to dark blond Very dark brown to grayish dark brown Brown Reddish brown Yellowish-brown or buff Dark brown Surface Strigose Tufts; striate, 0.4–0.7 mm Strigose tufts; striate; 0.3–0.5 mm Strigose tufts; striate Shaggy, wooly tufts; smooth to striate;
0.3 mmStrigose tufts; striate; 0.4–0.5 mm shaggy or fluffy hairs Smooth to velvety Mouth Fimbriate Fimbriate Fimbriate Fimbriate Fimbriate Serrate Endoperidium Colour Greyish brown to black brown Grayish brown Gray to brownish gray Light brown to orange Platinum Grey to dark grey Dark brown Surface Striate, 0.4–0.8 mm Striate, 0.3–0.6 mm Striate Smooth to minutely striate; 0.5 mm Striate; 0.5 mm Striate Smooth Peridioles Shape Lentil-shaped Lentil-shaped Lentil-shaped Lentil-shaped Lentil-shaped Lentil-shaped Globose Size 2–3.5 mm 1.8–2.6 mm 1.7–3 mm 2–2.5 mm 1–2 mm 3–3.5 mm 2–2.5 mm Color Dark grey to black Brownish gray Dark gray Light grey to black Greyish brown to grey Greyish-brown to dark grey Black Cortex Single layered Double layered Single layered Single layered Double layered Double layered Basidiospores Shape Subglobose, elliptical to ellipsoid-elongate; apiculum absent Ovoid to ellipsoid; apiculus present Subglobose to broadly ellipsoid Subglobose, ovoid to elliptical elliptical, globose; apiculum absent Ovoid, subglobose, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid Oval, sub-globose, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid-elongate Size 11–21 × 9–14 µm 14.8–20 × 10.4–14.3 µm 14–19 × 12–16 µm 13–19 × 9–11 µm 11.43–17.78 × 9–15.24 µm 14–17 × 8–10 µm 14.2–28.7 × 11.7–23.7 µm Walls 1–5 μm thick 0.8–1.3 μm thick thick-walled 1.9–3.2 μm thick 2–3.5 μm thick 1.5–3 μm thick thick-walled Distribution China Brazil Amazon rainforest Japan, Brazil Brazil Thailand India Reference Present study Accioly et al.[25] Trierveiler-Pereira et al.[42] da Cruz et al.[43] da Cruz & Baseia[44] Hyde et al.[45] Boonmee et al.[35] Table 2.
The comparison among Cyathus wenshanensis and phylogenetically related species.
Figures
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Tables
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