Figures (1)  Tables (2)

    • Figure 1. 

      Correlation between main wheat producer world areas and extent of soil degradation, according to Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) 2018 reports and UNEP's 1997 World Atlas of Desertification (2nd Edition).

    • OrganismBenefitSource
      Azospirillum brasilensis Sp. 245Growth rate. Water stress alleviation(Alvarez, Sueldo, and Barassi 2015)
      Azospirillum lipoferumWater stress alleviation(Agami, Ghramh, and Hashem 2017)
      Burkholderia phytofirmansWater use efficiency. Grain yield. Photosynthetic rates(Poupin 2015)
      Bacillus amyloliquefaciensTemperature stress alleviation(Tiwari et al. 2017)
      Azospirillum brasilense Sp245Temperature stress alleviation(Hernaández-esquivel and Castro-mercado 2020)
      Pseudomonas PutidaTemperature stress alleviation(Zulfikar Ali et al. 2011)
      Pseudomonas fluorescensSalt stress alleviation(Fathalla and El-Mageed 2020)
      Pantoea agglomeransTemperature stress alleviation(Cherif-Silini et al. 2019)
      Mycobacterium spTemperature stress alleviation(Dilfuza Egamberdieva and Phylogeny 2014)
      Pseudomonas PutidaWater stress alleviation(Mahmoudi et al. 2019)
      Pseudomonas extremorientalisSalinity tolerance(D. Egamberdieva 2011)
      Pseudomonas chlororaphisSalinity stress alleviation (Mahmoudi et al. 2019)
      Bacillus pumilusSalinity stress alleviation. Proline accumulation. P solubilization(Ansari, Ahmad, and Pichtel 2019)
      Hallobacillus sp. SL3Root length. Dry weight(Ramadoss et al. 2013)
      Enterobacter asburiaeNumber of tillers. Grain weight. Growth rates(Kang et al. 2015)
      Pseudomonas aureantiacaIncreased seedling root growth(Dilfuza Egamberdieva 2009)
      Bacillus safensisIncrease in root and shoot biomass, height of plants, yield, as well as increase in chlorophyll content(Chakraborty et al. 2013)
      Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae (strain MAS-765Increased the dry matter yield of roots and shoots(Ashraf, Hasnain, and Berge 2004)
      Bacillus mojavensisIncrease in root and shoot weight, chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake under salt stress(Pourbabaee AA, Bahmani E, Alikhani HA 2016)
      Lactobacillus plantarumIncreased PGPR abundance(Agnolucci et al. 2019)
      Stenotrophomonas rhizophilaBiotic stress resistance(Liu et al. 2021)
      Curtobacterium flaccumfaciensGrowth promotor under drought(Hone et al. 2021)

      Table 1. 

      Known PGPR species for wheat.

    • OrganismBenefitsSource
      Morchella snyderiIncreased root systems, biotic and abiotic stress alleviation(Ridout and Newcombe 2016)
      Penicillium sp.Abiotic stress alleviation
      Rhizophagus irregularisNutrient uptake, growth, and yield(Li et al. 2018)
      Penicillum expansumGrowth promotors trough P solubility in soil(Xiao et al. 2009)
      Mucor ramosissimus
      Candida krissii
      Azospirillum lipoferumGrain yield increase, nitrogen uptake(Gaur 1988)
      Trichoderma sp.Systemic resistance, mycotoxin suppression, seed germination rate increase(Basinska-Barczak Aneta 2020) (Basinska-Barczak Aneta 2020) (Nawrocka and Małolepsza 2013)
      Funneliformis mosseaeIncreased nutrient content, lower free radicals and increased root area under salt stress(Links et al. 2014)
      Penicillium olivicolorIncreased seedling root(Khokhar et al. 2013)
      Sebacina VermiferaIncreased biomass along resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses.(Ray and Craven 2016)
      Chaetomium sp.Biotic stress alleviation(Blaszczyk, Salamon, and Katarzyna 2021)
      Gloms etunicatum
      Glomus intraradices      		Increased micro and macronutrients uptake in seedlings(Mardukhi et al. 2011)
      Aspergillus nigerCatalase activity, nitrifier (Ripa et al. 2019)
      Aspergilus flavus

      Table 2. 

      Known beneficial fungi species for wheat.