Regulatory roles of morphactin on suppressing chlorophyll degradation under heat stress in creeping bentgrass

Stephanie Rossi; Bingru Huang; Stephanie Rossi; Bingru Huang

doi:10.48130/GR-2023-0011

Figure 1.

Turf quality evaluations on a scale of 1 to 9 for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 2.

Leaf electrolyte leakage for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 3.

Chlorophyll a [(a – non-stress), (b – heat stress)], chlorophyll b [(c – non-stress), (d – heat stress)], and total chlorophyll [(e – non-stress), (f – heat stress)] for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under non-stress optimal temperature or heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 4.

Porphobilinogen deaminase enzyme activity for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 5.

Chlorophyllase enzyme activity for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 6.

Chlorophyll-degrading peroxidase enzyme activity for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 7.

Pheophytinase enzyme activity for creeping bentgrass plants treated with CM or untreated control plants under (a) non-stress optimal temperature or (b) heat stress conditions. Each vertical bar corresponds to a given LSD value (p ≤ 0.05) derived from Fisher’s protected least significant difference (LSD) test for comparison between treatments on each day of treatment.

Figure 8.

Pathway map for chlorophyll synthesis and degradation in creeping bentgrass treated with CM under heat stress, showing chlorophyll enzymes enhanced or suppressed by CM treatment. Abbreviations: CHL-PRX: chlorophyll-degrading peroxidase; CHLASE: chlorophyllase; PBGD: porphobilinogen deaminase; PPH: pheophytinase.