Figures (6)  Tables (2)

    • Figure 1. 

      Characteristics of GBTS array. (a) Distribution of cSNPs on each chromosome. Color indicates the number of cSNPs within 1 Mbp window size. (b) Coverage length of markers compared with reference genome (VCost. v3). (c) Annotation of the location of the cSNPs. (d) Number and proportion of MAF for all cSNPs.

    • Figure 2. 

      The characteristics of flower sex. (a) Flower types among the individuals in the mapping population. (b) Distributions of flower types among the F1 hybrids in 2015 and 2019.

    • Figure 3. 

      Genetic map of hybrid population crosses from Vitis vinifera 'Cabernet Sauvignon' × Vitis pseudoreticulata 'Huadong1058'. LG1 to LG19 represents 19 linkage groups respectively, and each bar represents a SNP marker. The ruler on the left is the genetic distance (cM).

    • Figure 4. 

      Mapping of sex determination locus. (a) Interval mapping of sex determination locus on chr2. (b) Multiple-QTL mapping of sex determination locus on chr2. (c) The overlap region of IM and MQM on chromosome 2, and the markers on the peak. The boundaries of locus were determined by the markers closest to the threshold (LOD = 30) on the flanks.

    • Figure 5. 

      GWAS Analysis of floral sex and linkage locus. (a) Manhattan plots and QQ plots of GWAS analysis based on five model (Blink, FarmCPU, SUPER, MLM and GLM). The vertical axis of the Manhattan map is the −log10(p) of each marker based on the analysis of different models. (b) Interval of sex determination locus on Chr2.

    • Figure 6. 

      Model of sex identification marker combination on chromosome 2. 'A', 'T', 'C' and 'G' represent four nucleotide type respectively, 'X' represents any nucleotide type. Two dashed lines of each sex type represent the two sister chromatids of chromosome 2.

    • Chr.SNP no.mSNP no.Distance
      (bp)      		Average SNP
      interval (bp)      		mSNP/
      SNP
      11,1985,35724,200,10720,2004.47
      21,0154,61918,860,48718,5824.55
      39444,40820,668,11121,8944.67
      41,1755,34724,682,34621,0064.55
      51,1345,22925,554,07422,5344.61
      61,0384,83822,638,26521,8104.66
      71,3285,44727,330,30320,5804.10
      87543,06722,542,68529,8974.07
      97353,46422,840,39631,0754.71
      101,2305,48723,441,64419,0584.46
      119584,39020,025,46320,9034.58
      121,1566,03224,240,56220,9695.22
      131,3136,88029,056,18022,1305.24
      141,2626,20030,244,82023,9664.91
      158784,27620,254,53623,0694.87
      161,0485,44723,491,22622,4155.20
      171,0134,80818,650,22618,4114.75
      181,4086,58734,516,94024,5154.68
      191,0105,57024,686,87424,4425.51
      Total20,59797,453457,925,24522,2334.73

      Table 1. 

      Characteristics of SNPs distributed on 19 grape chromosomes.

    • Marker typesCabernet SauvignonHuadong
      1058      		Marker numberPercentage (%)
      aa × bbaabb10,02236.25
      ab × ccabcc840.30
      cc × abccab650.24
      ab × cdabcd00.00
      ef × egefeg860.31
      hk × hkhkhk8833.19
      lm × lllmll12,22544.22
      nn × npnnnp4,28215.49
      Total−−27,647100.00

      Table 2. 

      Marker types distribution.