Bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins from jaboticaba skins: the influence of OSA-modified starch concentration

Michele Amendoeira Giaconia; Marcelo Assis; Milena da Silva Moura; Matheus Boeira Braga; Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga; Michele Amendoeira Giaconia; Marcelo Assis; Milena da Silva Moura; Matheus Boeira Braga; Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga

doi:10.48130/fmr-0023-0033

Figures (2) Tables (3)

Figure 1.
Pictures of the four prepared formulations containing jaboticaba peel pulp and the OSA-modified starch Capsul® at different concentrations (w/w): containing 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of Capsul®.
Figure 2.
Chromatograms represent the anthocyanins profile of the jaboticaba pulp (JP), jaboticaba powder with 10% of adjuvant (PA), jaboticaba powder with 15% of adjuvant (PB), jaboticaba powder with 20% of adjuvant (PC), jaboticaba powder with 25% of adjuvant (PD). Peak 1 refers to delphinidin 3-glucoside. Peak 2 refers to cyanidin 3-glucoside. Peak 3 is peonidin 3-glucoside.

Peak^a	Rt (min)^b	λ_max(nm)^b	MS-MS data (m/z)	Identification
1	14.2	520	463	Delphinidin 3-glucoside
2	15.2	520	449	Cyanidin 3-glucoside
3	20.4	519	301	Peonidin 3- glucoside
^a Numbered according to the chromatograms shown in Fig. 1. ^b Solvent: gradient of 5% formic acid in methanol.

Table 1.

Chromatographic and mass spectrometry characteristics of anthocyanins from jaboticaba skins using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS.

Samples	Anthocyanins expressed as C3G* (µg/mL)	Anthocyanins expressed as C3G* (µg/mL) after digestion in vitro	Bioaccessible anthocyanins** (%)
JP	257.95^a ± 22.8	14.68^b ± 0.75	6.03
PA	132.25^b ± 5.4	12.20^b ± 1.21	8.72
PB	119.54^c ± 5.8	17.96^a± 0.24	9.58
PC	110.16^d ± 1.4	8.26^c ± 0.77	5.30
PD	94.30^e ± 4.1	9.53^c ± 0.60	5.64
Different letters on the same column represent values different from each other (p < 0.05). * Cyanidin 3-glucoside. ** Bioaccessible anthocyanins (%) = Anthocyanins concentration after in vitro digestion × 100 / Initial concentration of anthocyanins.

Table 2.

Determination of anthocyanins before and after the simulated digestion process (in vitro) of jaboticaba skins pulp (JP), jaboticaba powder with 10% of OSA modified-starch (PA), jaboticaba powder with 15% of OSA modified-starch (PB), jaboticaba powder with 20% of OSA modified-starch (PC), and jaboticaba powder with 25% of OSA modified-starch (PD).

Samples		Initial	Final	Bioaccessible AA* (%)
ABTS (µM TE/g)	PA	12.02^a ± 1.47	4.85^b ± 0.10	40.39
	PB	11.48^a ± 0.46	5.68^a ± 0.67	49.46
	PC	9.16^b ± 0.90	4.03^c ± 0.34	44.00
	PD	9.99^b ± 0.90	4.34^c ± 0.54	43.49
ORAC (µM TE/g)	PA	122.92^b ± 15.22	71.17^c ± 9.56	57.90
	PB	157.00^a ± 12.07	122.62^a ± 12.9	78.10
	PC	132.48^b ± 19.10	81.70^c ± 6.54	61.67
	PD	147.93^ab ± 21.67	99.01^b ± 5.43	66.93
Different letters on the same column represent values different from each other (p < 0.05). * Bioaccessible AA (%) = Antioxidant activity after in vitro digestion × 100 / Initial antioxidant activity.

Table 3.

Determination of antioxidant activity before and after the simulated digestion process (in vitro) of jaboticaba skins pulp (JP), jaboticaba powder with 10% of OSA modified-starch (PA), jaboticaba powder with 15% of OSA modified-starch (PB), jaboticaba powder with 20% of OSA modified-starch (PC), and jaboticaba powder with 25% of OSA modified-starch (PD).