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Figure 1.
Political map of Timor-Leste with 13 districts and main urban conglomerations[5].
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Figure 2.
Hangar filled with tractors waiting for repairs (left) and farmers explaining that a pushcart multi-crop thresher he received years ago has been standing there, lacking spare parts to make it functional again (right).
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Figure 3.
Number of four-wheel tractors and two-wheel tractors allocated to MAFF mechanization centres at the district level (MAFF, personal communication, 2020).
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Figure 4.
Several hardware stores in Dili offer small-scale farm equipment for land preparation and milling.
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Equipment Year Foreign aid imports 1997 2020 2000−2001 2021 Tractors 4WT-Medium (40−70 HP) 59 145 50 4WT-Big (70−100 HP) 31 123 5 2WT-(8−12 HP) 276 477 468 Implements Field operations 4WT Combine 12 Moldboard plough 210 Disc harrow 7 Rice transplanter 15 Rotovator 12 Paddy harrow 90 Paddy leveller 30 Grain drill 30 2WT Rice transplanter 19 Power tiller 3 Roller crimper 50 Reaper 150 Postharvest Multicrop thresher 113 100 2 Rice mills 113 408 2 Maize mill 2 Dryer 10 Maize sheller 42 52 Transport Trailer 11 60 Source 2,26 (pers. comm. MAFF & SEFOPE*, 2019) 27 Delivered as part of the TCP *SEFOPE: Secretary of State for Training and Employment in Timor-Leste. Table 1.
Past and actual registered farm machinery relevant to maize and rice production in Timor-Leste.
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Name Type District Main activities/inventory Hero International Hardware Dili Farm equipment, domestic appliances and general retailer 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, post-harvest mills, shellers and threshers Pt. Global Brother Hardware Dili Farm machinery and mechanical hardware store 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, post-harvest mills, shellers and threshers Loja Marbella Hardware Dili Farm machinery and mechanical hardware store 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, post-harvest millers, shellers and threshers Vinod Patel Construction Dili Home improvement: construction and gardening 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, horticulture focused (USAID Avansa) Always Construction Construction Dili Construction materials and spare parts importer 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, post-harvest mills, shellers and threshers KMANEK Agrikultura Boutique Dili Supplier for horticultural farm equipment and seeds (USAID Avansa) Limited availability of 2WT and mini-tiller, horticulture focused Boaventura Boutique Dili Vegetable seeds and agrochemicals 2WT with thresher and water pump but only under tender agreements ACELDA Distributor and
repair servicesBaucau Import of Agricultural machinery and equipment distributor 4WT, 2WT and mini-tiller and, to lesser extent, accessories Costa Motor Distributor and Hire services Baucau Farm machinery, equipment and spare parts shop 2WT and mini-tiller and accessories, post-harvest millers, shellers and threshers Longping High-Tech Distributor Manatutu Import of farm machinery, mainly in support of Chinese aid[15]
Rice Combine Harvesters, transplanters and seed drillsCladotia FU Hire services Dili Local hire services under production contracts with farmers 4WT with seeders and combine harvesters Bendix Service Maintenance Dili Car and tractor maintenance, farm hire services and mechanical workshop 4WT, 2WT and mini-tiler and, to lesser extent, accessories Table 2.
Surveyed agricultural machinery enterprises and farm equipment shops with main activity and available inventory.
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Key partnerships ● Spare parts reseller and repair workshop
● Public scheme to provide the needed financingKey activities In-house maintenance Key resources ● Only one low-capacity machine for each service
● Operator(s)
● Shelter and tools to protect and maintain the machineryValue proposition Mechanization hire services:
● Maize and rice processing
● 2WD-powered tillage services (land preparation)Customer relationships ● Neighbouring farmers
● Family membersCustomer segments Small-scale farmers (less than 2 hectares of land) Delivery channels ● Word of mouth
● Processing at service provider‘s place on-demand
● Booking of the land preparation services directly with the MSPCost structure ● Main variable costs: fuel, maintenance, repairs
● Main fixed costs: operator salaryRevenue stream ● Service charged per hectare or per kg
● Likely not the main source of revenueTable 3.
Main building blocks of the surveyed agriculture mechanization service providers during the TCP/TIM/3701.
Figures
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Tables
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