Figures (8)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      Localization distribution and the inter-species covariance of MdCYP86A family genes. (a) Distribution of MdCYP86A family genes on 13 apple chromosomes. (b) Analysis of covariance in Apple, Arabidopsis, Tobacco, Rice.

    • Figure 2. 

      Phylogenetic and gene structure of MdCYP86As. (a) Phylogenetic tree construction in MEGA software for CYP86A family genes in four species: Arabidopsis thaliana, Rice, Tobacco, and Apple. (b) Gene structure analysis of MdCYP86A subfamily genes in apple, including both CDS and UTR regions.

    • Figure 3. 

      Evolutionary and conserved motif analysis of MdCYP86As gene in apple. (a) Construction of MdCYP86A subfamily evolutionary tree in MEGA11 software, the numbers next to the branches represent the evolutionary proximity between genes. (b) MdCYP86A subfamily motif analysis, on the left side is the gene ID of the family, and different colored boxes represent different motifs, with sequence length scale bar underneath. (c) The MdCYP86A subfamily conserved structural domains are analyzed, with gene ID on the left, structural domain on the right, and sequence length scale bar below. (d) Protein 3D structure image of MdCYP86A21.

    • Figure 4. 

      Cis-acting elements analysis of the MdCYP86A subfamily. The classification of the different types of elements on the left, the gene ID below, and the name of the element on the right. The number representing the number of elements, and a larger number representing higher numbers of that element.

    • Figure 5. 

      Expression patterns of MdCYP86A21 in different tissues and abiotic stress. (a) Expression pattern of MdCYP86A21 in response to three abiotic stresses, including PEG, NaCl and ABA. There are three biological replicates of the data, p < 0.05. (b) Expression levels of MdCYP86A21 in root, stem, leave, flower and fruit, there are three biological replicates of the data, p < 0.05.

    • Figure 6. 

      Subcellular localization of MdCYP86A21, scale bar = 20 μm.

    • Figure 7. 

      MdCYP86A21 improves the tolerance to PEG and NaCl. (a) MdCYP86A21 apple calli treated on MS, PEG, NaCl medium for 15 d, the first row is wild type, the second is overexpression, and the third is suppression, five replicates per treatment. (b) Fresh weight of wild-type, overexpressed, and suppression calli were determined under different treatments. (c) Determination of MDA content in wild-type, overexpressed, and suppression calli under different treatments.

    • Figure 8. 

      Protein interactions network analysis of MdCYP86A21.

    • Sequence ID Number of amino acids Molecular weight Theoretical pI Instability index Aliphatic index Grand average of hydropathicity
      MdCYP86A1 553 62,140.98 5.86 51.14 96.47 −0.029
      MdCYP86A2 594 68,147.91 9.05 33.81 94.6 −0.183
      MdCYP86A3 508 58,180.4 8.77 30.04 95.63 −0.131
      MdCYP86A4 503 58,126.88 8.86 33.51 85.31 −0.213
      MdCYP86A5 585 67,211.62 8.19 36.64 89.85 −0.221
      MdCYP86A6 753 87,408.56 6.3 41.04 87.78 −0.232
      MdCYP86A7 512 59,231.46 8.31 38.68 89.28 −0.138
      MdCYP86A8 522 58,977.08 9.16 41.38 90.65 −0.161
      MdCYP86A9 524 59,217.2 8.85 39.72 90.5 −0.124
      MdCYP86A10 508 57,785.03 8.2 40.48 84.45 −0.306
      MdCYP86A11 535 60,662.44 8.15 43.34 94.64 −0.081
      MdCYP86A12 513 58,460.27 8.84 40.19 94.56 −0.066
      MdCYP86A13 516 59,081.04 7.97 42.69 89.59 −0.178
      MdCYP86A14 525 59,381.74 6.17 50.18 97.89 −0.042
      MdCYP86A15 423 48,120.41 6.35 35.13 92.25 −0.194
      MdCYP86A16 514 58,923.46 7.95 44.63 89.32 −0.131
      MdCYP86A17 506 57,795.41 8.9 41.48 86.5 −0.234
      MdCYP86A18 506 57,541.1 9.03 41.64 85.18 −0.236
      MdCYP86A19 522 59,333.65 8.59 30.91 94.16 −0.104
      MdCYP86A20 544 62,600.47 8.45 37.62 88.88 −0.176
      MdCYP86A21 574 65,958.23 8.81 39.96 89.51 −0.229
      MdCYP86A22 521 59,981.17 8.65 38.03 94.45 0.034
      MdCYP86A23 534 60,600.33 8.68 40.6 95.51 −0.098
      MdCYP86A24 512 58,494.1 9.02 41.24 92.48 −0.088
      MdCYP86A25 520 59,435.27 8.3 41.37 88.71 −0.192
      MdCYP86A26 523 60,084.98 6.38 46.06 92.1 −0.152
      MdCYP86A27 507 58,722.86 8.55 35.93 91.68 −0.113
      MdCYP86A28 506 57,839.15 7.55 47.57 89.98 −0.092

      Table 1. 

      The physicochemical properties of the MdCYP86As family proteins.