[1]

Liu E, Ji Y, Zhang F, Liu B, Meng X. 2021. Review on Auricularia auricula-judae as a functional food: Growth, chemical composition, and biological activities. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 69:1739−50

doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05934
[2]

Chen Y, Sossah FL, Lv Z, Lv Y, Tian L, et al. 2021. Effect of wheat bran and maize straw substrates on the agronomic traits and nutritional content of Auricularia cornea cv. Yu Muer. Scientia Horticulturae 286:110200

doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110200
[3]

Krupodorova TA, Barshteyn VYu, Sekan AS. 2021. Review of the basic cultivation conditions influence on the growth of basidiomycetes. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 11:494−531

doi: 10.5943/cream/11/1/34
[4]

Sun X, Yang C, Ma Y, Zhang J, Wang L. 2022. Research progress of Auricularia heimuer on cultivation physiology and molecular biology. Frontiers in Microbiology 13:1048249

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1048249
[5]

Galić M, Stajić M, Vukojević J, Ćilerdžić J. 2020. Capacity of Auricularia auricula-judae to degrade agro-forestry residues. Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 54:179−84

doi: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2020.54.20
[6]

Kumla J, Suwannarach N, Sujarit K, Penkhrue W, Kakumyan P, et al. 2020. Cultivation of mushrooms and their lignocellulolytic enzyme production through the utilization of agro-industrial waste. Molecules 25:2811

doi: 10.3390/molecules25122811
[7]

Thongklang N, Luangharn T. 2016. Testing agricultural wastes for the production of Pleurotus ostreatus. Mycosphere 7:766−72

doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/7/6/6
[8]

Díaz R, Díaz-Godínez G. 2022. Substrates for mushroom, enzyme and metabolites production: A review. Journal of Environmental Biology 43:350−59

doi: 10.22438/jeb/43/3/mrn-3017
[9]

Gopal J, Sivanesan I, Muthu M, Oh JW. 2022. Scrutinizing the nutritional aspects of Asian mushrooms, its commercialization and scope for value-added products. Nutrients 14:3700

doi: 10.3390/nu14183700
[10]

Hao Z, Zhang W, Tian F, Wei R, Pan X. 2022. Enhancing the Nutritional and Functional Properties of Auricularia auricula through the Exploitation of Walnut Branch Waste. Foods 11:3242

doi: 10.3390/foods11203242
[11]

Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Zhao Y, Kakumyan P. 2022. Impact of cultivation substrate and microbial community on improving mushroom productivity: A review. Biology 11:569

doi: 10.3390/biology11040569
[12]

Raghoonundon B, Gonkhom D, Phonemany M, Luangharn T, Thongklang N. 2021. Nutritional content, nutraceutical properties, cultivation methods and economical importance of Lentinula: a review. Fungal Biotec 1:88−100

doi: 10.5943/funbiotec/1/2/6
[13]

Lesa KN, Khandaker MU, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal F, Sharma R, Islam F, et al. 2022. Nutritional value, medicinal importance, and health-promoting effects of dietary mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Journal of Food Quality 2022:2454180

doi: 10.1155/2022/2454180
[14]

Assemie A, Abaya G. 2022. The effect of edible mushroom on health and their biochemistry. International Journal of Microbiology 2022:8744788

doi: 10.1155/2022/8744788
[15]

Dimopoulou M, Kolonas A, Mourtakos S, Androutsos O, Gortzi O. 2022. Nutritional composition and biological properties of sixteen edible mushroom species. Applied Sciences 12:8074

doi: 10.3390/app12168074
[16]

Phonemany M, Thongklang N. 2023. Nutritional analysis of cultivated Pleurotus giganteus in agricultural waste as possible alternative substrates. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 13:92−103

doi: 10.5943/cream/13/1/7
[17]

Wu F, Yuan Y, Rivoire B, Dai YC. 2015. Phylogeny and diversity of the Auricularia mesenterica (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) complex. Mycological Progress 14:42

doi: 10.1007/s11557-015-1065-8
[18]

Bandara AR, Chen J, Karunarathna S, Hyde KD, Kakumyan P. 2015. Auricularia thailandica sp. nov. (Auriculariaceae, Auriculariales) a widely distributed species from Southeastern Asia. Phytotaxa 208:147−56

doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.208.2.3
[19]

Lowy B. 1952. The Genus Auricularia. Mycologia 44:656−92

doi: 10.1080/00275514.1952.12024226
[20]

Bandara AR, Karunarathna SC, Phillips AJL, Mortimer PE, Xu J, et al. 2017. Diversity of Auricularia (Auriculariaceae, Auriculariales) in Thailand. Phytotaxa 292:19−34

doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.1.2
[21]

Du P, Cui BK, Dai YC. 2011. Genetic diversity of wild Auricularia polytricha in Yunnan Province of South-western China revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5:1374−81

[22]

Wu F, Yuan Y, Liu HG, Dai YC. 2014. Auricularia (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota): a review of recent research progress. Mycosystema 33(2):198−207

doi: 10.13346/j.mycosystema.130282
[23]

Wu F, Yuan Y, Malysheva VF, Du P, Dai YC. 2014. Species clarification of the most important and cultivated Auricularia mushroom "heimuer": Evidence from morphological and molecular data. Phytotaxa 186:241−53

doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.186.5.1
[24]

De Silva DD, Rapior S, Hyde KD, Bahkali AH. 2012. Medicinal mushrooms in prevention and control of diabetes mellitus. Fungal Diversity 56:1−29

doi: 10.1007/s13225-012-0187-4
[25]

De Silva DD, Rapior S, Fons F, Bahkali AH, Hyde KD. 2012. Medicinal mushrooms in supportive cancer therapies: An approach to anti-cancer effects and putative mechanisms of action. Fungal Diversity 55:1−35

doi: 10.1007/s13225-012-0151-3
[26]

De Silva DD, Rapior S, Sudarman E, Stadler M, Xu J, et al. 2013. Bioactive metabolites from macrofungi: Ethnopharmacology, biological activities and chemistry. Fungal Diversity 62:1−40

doi: 10.1007/s13225-013-0265-2
[27]

Fu Y, Zhang L, Cong M, Wan K, Jiang G, et al. 2021. Application of Auricularia cornea as a pork fat replacement in cooked sausage. Coatings 11:1432

doi: 10.3390/coatings11111432
[28]

Ukai S, Kiho T, Hara C, Morita M, Goto A, et al. 1983. Polysaccharides in fungi: XIII. Antitumor activity of various polysaccharides isolated from Dictyophora indusiata, Ganoderma japonicum, Cordyceps cicadae, Auricularia auricula-judae and Auricularia species. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31:741−44

doi: 10.1248/cpb.31.741
[29]

Yuan Z, He P, Cui J, Takeuchi H. 1998. Hypoglycemic effect of water-soluble polysaccharide from Auricularia auricula-judae Quel. on genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry 62:1898−903

doi: 10.1271/bbb.62.1898
[30]

Fan L, Zhang S, Yu L, Ma L. 2007. Evaluation of antioxidant property and quality of breads containing Auricularia auricula polysaccharide flour. Food Chemistry 101(3):1158−63

doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.03.017
[31]

Kho YS, Vikineswary S, Abdullah N, Kuppusamy UR, Oh HI. 2009. Antioxidant capacity of fresh and processed fruit bodies and mycelium of Auricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quél. Journal of Medicinal Food 12:167−74

doi: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0568
[32]

Cai M, Lin Y, Luo YL, Liang HH, Sun PL. 2015. Extraction, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of crude polysaccharides from the wood ear medicinal mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (higher basidiomycetes). In International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 17(6):591−600

doi: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v17.i6.90
[33]

Choi YJ, Park IS, Kim MH, Kwon B, Choo YM, et al. 2019. The medicinal mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) extract has antioxidant activity and promotes procollagen biosynthesis in HaCaT cells. Natural Product Research 33:3283−86

doi: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1468332
[34]

Sun YX, Liu JC, Kennedy JF. 2010. Purification, composition analysis and antioxidant activity of different polysaccharide conjugates (APPs) from the fruiting bodies of Auricularia polytricha. Carbohydrate Polymers 82:299−304

doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.056
[35]

Zhao S, Rong C, Liu Y, Xu F, Wang S, et al. 2015. Extraction of a soluble polysaccharide from Auricularia polytricha and evaluation of its anti-hypercholesterolemic effect in rats. Carbohydrate Polymers 122:39−45

doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.041
[36]

Avci E, Cagatay G, Avci GA, Suicmez M, Cevher SC, et al. 2016. An Edible Mushroom with Medicinal Significance; Auricularia polytricha. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering 3:111−16

doi: 10.17350/hjse19030000040
[37]

Ng TB. 2004. Peptides and proteins from fungi. Peptides 25:1055−73

doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.03.013
[38]

Kalač P. 2009. Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: A review. Food Chemistry 113:9−16

doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.077
[39]

Hyde KD, Bahkali AH, Moslem MA. 2010. Fungi - An unusual source for cosmetics. Fungal Diversity 43:1−9

doi: 10.1007/s13225-010-0043-3
[40]

Thongklang N, Keokanngeun L, Taliam M, Hyde KD. 2020. Cultivation of a wild strain of Auricularia cornea from Thailand. Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology 10:120−30

doi: 10.5943/cream/10/1/13
[41]

Zhang X, Zhang B, Miao R, Zhou J, Ye L, et al. 2018. Influence of temperature on the bacterial community in substrate and extracellular enzyme activity of Auricularia cornea. Mycobiology 46:224−35

doi: 10.1080/12298093.2018.1497795
[42]

Wu F, Tohtirjap A, Fan LF, Zhou LW, Alvarenga RLM, et al. 2021. Global diversity and updated phylogeny of Auricularia (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota). Journal of Fungi 7:933

doi: 10.3390/jof7110933
[43]

Kozarski M, Klaus A, Jakovljevic D, Todorovic N, Vunduk J, et al. 2015. Antioxidants of edible mushrooms. Molecules 20:19489−525

doi: 10.3390/molecules201019489
[44]

Wang X, Lan Y, Zhu Y, Li S, Liu M, et al. 2018. Hepatoprotective effects of Auricularia cornea var. Li. polysaccharides against the alcoholic liver diseases through different metabolic pathways. Scientific Reports 8:7574

doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25830-w
[45]

Rahman Sajon S, Rana S, Sadiur Rahman Sajon C, Sana S, Mushiur Rahman S, et al. 2018. Mushrooms: Natural factory of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and nutrition. Phytochem 7:464−75

[46]

Bandara AR, Rapior S, Mortimer PE, Kakumyan P, Hyde KD, et al. 2019. A review of the polysaccharide, protein and selected nutrient content of Auricularia, and their potential pharmacological value. Mycosphere 10:579−607

doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/10
[47]

Kornerup A, Wanscher JH. 1978. Methuen Handbook of Colour. London: Eyre Methuen.

[48]

White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor JW. 1990. PCR protocols: A guide to methods and applications. In Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics, eds. Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 315–22.

[49]

Matheny PB. 2005. Improving phylogenetic inference of mushrooms with RPB1 and RPB2 nucleotide sequences (Inocybe; Agaricales). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35:1−20

doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.014
[50]

Hall TA. 1999. BioEdit_a_user_friendly_biological_seque. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41:95−98

[51]

Silvestro D, Michalak I. 2012. RaxmlGUI: A graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms Diversity and Evolution 12:335−37

doi: 10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0
[52]

Rambaut A. 2012. FigTree v1. 4.0. Oxford, UK: University of Oxford.

[53]

Zurbano LY. 2018. Mycelial Growth and Fructification of Earwood Mushroom (Auricularia polytricha) on Different Substrates. KnE. Social Sciences 4:799

doi: 10.18502/kss.v3i6.2421
[54]

Ainsworth GC, Bisby GR. 1971. Dictionary of the Fungi. Surrey, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute. 663 p.

[55]

Maya Rizal L, David Hyde K, Chukeatirote E, Karunarathna SC, Mai Sci CJ, et al. 2016. First successful cultivation of the edible mushroom Macrolepiota dolichaula in Thailand. Chiang Mai Journal of Science 43:959−71

[56]

Philippoussis A, Zervakis G, Diamantopoulou P. 2001. Bioconversion of agricultural lignocellulosic wastes through the cultivation of the edible mushrooms Agrocybe aegerita, Volvariella volvacea and Pleurotus spp. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 17:191−200

doi: 10.1023/A:1016685530312
[57]

Sullivan DM, Carpenter DE. 1993. Methods of Analysis of Nutritional Labeling. eds. Sullivan DM, Carpenter DE. Arlington: Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) International.

[58]

Patouillard N, Olivier H. 1907. Champignons et lichens Chinois. Monde Pl 9:22−23

[59]

Li LJ. 1987. A study of the Auricularia from Hainan Island. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research 5:43−48

[60]

Looney BP, Birkebak JM, Brandon Matheny P. 2013. Systematics of the genus Auricularia with an emphasis on species from the southeastern United States. North American Fungi 8:1−25

doi: 10.2509/naf2013.008.00
[61]

Bandara AR, Karunarathna SC, Mortimer PE, Hyde KD, Khan S, et al. 2017. First successful domestication and determination of nutritional and antioxidant properties of the red ear mushroom Auricularia thailandica (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota). Mycological Progress 16:11−12

doi: 10.1007/s11557-017-1344-7
[62]

Srikram A, Supapvanich S. 2016. Proximate compositions and bioactive compounds of edible wild and cultivated mushrooms from Northeast Thailand. Agriculture and Natural Resources 50:432−36

doi: 10.1016/j.anres.2016.08.001
[63]

Pasakawee K, Banjongsinsiri P, Donrung N, Satiankomsorakrai J. 2018. Nutritional and antioxidant properties of selected-commercial mushroom in Thailand. Journal of Food Science and Agricultural Technology 4:36

[64]

Gunasekara NW, Nanayakkara CM, Karunarathna SC, Wijesundera RLC. 2021. Nutritional aspects of three Termitomyces and four other wild edible mushroom species from Sri Lanka. Chiang Mai Journal of Science 48:1236−46

[65]

Yao FJ, Lu LX, Wang P, Fang M, Zhang YM, et al. 2018. Development of a molecular marker for fruiting body pattern in Auricularia auricula-judae. Mycobiology 46:72−78

doi: 10.1080/12298093.2018.1454004
[66]

Chang YS, Lee SS. 2004. Utilisation of macrofungi species in Malaysia. Fungal Diversity 15:15−22

[67]

Tapingkae T. 2005. Mushroom growing in Lao PDR. In Mushroom Growers' Handbook 2 – Shiitake Cultivation. Seoul, Republic of Korea: MushWorld. pp. 244–59. www.goba.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Mushroom_Growers_Handbook_2_-_Shiitake_Cultivation.pdf

[68]

Duc PH. 2005. Mushrooms and cultivation of mushrooms in Vietnam. In Mushroom Growers’ Handbook 2 – Shiitake Cultivation. Seoul, Republic of Korea: MushWorld. pp. 260–66. www.goba.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Mushroom_Growers_Handbook_2_-_Shiitake_Cultivation.pdf

[69]

Peng JT. 2008. Agro-waste for cultivation of edible mushrooms in Taiwan. International Workshop on Sustainable Utilization of Biomass and other Organic Wastes as Renewable Energy Sources and for Agricultural and Industrial Uses, Tagaytay City, Philippines, 2008. www.researchgate.net/publication/283117256

[70]

Abd Razak DL, Abdullah N, Khir Johari NM, Sabaratnam V. 2013. Comparative study of mycelia growth and sporophore yield of Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc on selected palm oil wastes as fruiting substrate. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 97:3207−13

doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4135-8
[71]

Yu T, Wu Q, Liang B, Wang J, Wu D, Shang X. 2023. The current state and future prospects of Auricularia auricula's polysaccharide processing technology portfolio. Molecules 28:582

doi: 10.3390/molecules28020582
[72]

Jo WS, Kim DG, Seok SJ, Jung HY, Park SC. 2014. The culture conditions for the mycelial growth of Auricularia auricula-judae. Journal of Mushroom 12:88−95

doi: 10.14480/JM.2014.12.2.88
[73]

Zhang J, Li X, Yin Y. 2018. Method for measuring the degree of fermentation of the edible mushroom cultivation substrate. Natural Resources 9:355−60

[74]

Verma RK, Verma P. 2017. Diversity of macro fungi in central India-IV: Auricularia auricula-judae, a neutraceutical jelly mushroom. Van Sangyan 4(2):23–31 www.researchgate.net/publication/318283696

[75]

Bandara AR, Mortimer PE, Vadthanarat S, Xingrong P, Karunarathna SC, et al. 2020. First successful domestication of a white strain of Auricularia cornea from Thailand. Studies in Fungi 5:420−434

doi: 10.5943/sif/5/1/23
[76]

Carrasco J, Zied DC, Pardo JE, Preston GM, Pardo-Giménez A. 2018. Supplementation in mushroom crops and its impact on yield and quality. AMB Express 8:146

doi: 10.1186/s13568-018-0678-0
[77]

Wu CY, Liang CH, Wu KJ, Shih HD, Liang ZC. 2017. Effect of different proportions of agrowaste on cultivation yield and nutritional composition of the culinary-medicinal jelly mushroom Auricularia polytricha (higher basidiomycetes). International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 19:377−85

doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v19.i4.80
[78]

Onyango BO, Palapala VA, Axama PF, Wagai SO, Gichimu BM. 2011. Suitability of selected supplemented substrates for cultivation of Kenyan native wood ear mushrooms (Auricularia auricula). American Journal of Food and Technology 6:395−403

doi: 10.3923/ajft.2011.395.403
[79]

Hassan FRH, Medany GM. 2012. Studies on submerged culture conditions for mycelial biomass production of wood ears mushroom (Auricularia polytricha). Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research 1:33−39

[80]

Liang CH, Wu CY, Lu PL, Kuo YC, Liang ZC. 2019. Biological efficiency and nutritional value of the culinary-medicinal mushroom Auricularia cultivated on a sawdust basal substrate supplement with different proportions of grass plants. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 26:263−69

doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.10.017
[81]

Xing-Hong W, Chaobin Z, Pedro F, Changhe Z. 2016. Screening and characterization of Auricularia delicata strain for mushroom production under tropical temperature conditions to make use of rubberwood sawdust. Research Journal of Biotechnology 11:26−37

[82]

Chen N, Zhang H, Zong X, Li S, Wang J, et al. 2020. Polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula: Preparation, structural features and biological activities. Carbohydrate Polymers 247:116750

doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116750
[83]

Miao J, Regenstein JM, Qiu J, Zhang J, Zhang X, et al. 2020. Isolation, structural characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides and its derivatives from Auricularia-A review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 150:102−13

doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.054